France

France regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. Since 2012, DILCRAH has served as an inter-ministerial body and platform for co-operation to address hate crime, including through research and financial support to civil society organizations (CSOs). DILCRAH has worked with CSOs to train police and create a network of specialized investigators on hate crime. The Central Office for Combating Crimes against Humanity and Hate Crimes (OCLCH) is an inter-agency body composed of police officers and gendarmes that is mandated to expedite hate crime investigations and monitor and analyse relevant developments. Hate crime data are regularly published by the National Institution for Human Rights. France conducts regular surveys on hate crime victimization to measure unreported hate crimes.

SELECT YEAR

OFFICIAL DATA

Year	Hate crimes recorded by police	Prosecuted	Sentenced
2021	3,443	486	425
2020	2672	-	-
2019	2640	-	-
2018	1838	-	252
2017	1505	Not available	255
2016	1835	Not available	583
2015	1790	Not available	Not available
2014	1662	Not available	554
2013	1765	579	Not available
2012	2357	604	550
2011	Not available	Not available	431
2010	2	Not available	562
2009	Not available	Not available	579

Download official data

National developments

The Directorate General of the National Police developed an online-reporting site (www.internet-signalement.gouv.fr) to report cybercrime, including bias-motivated crimes, and to inform the public about what constitute crimes committed via the Internet.

KEY OBSERVATION

No information is available.

Incidents reported by civil society, international organizations and the Holy See

Reports

Anti-Semitic hate crime

The Jewish Community Protection Service reported one murder, 56 physical assaults (including at least six causing serious bodily injury), eight cases of arson, 66 cases of damage to property and 168 cases of graffiti on property and places of worship.

The International League against Racism and Anti-Semitism (LICRA) reported two serious physical assaults, one of which resulted in charges of aggravated attempted homicide. LICRA also reported one physical assault and one case of graffiti on a synagogue. All of the incidents reported by LICRA were investigated.

The Stephen Roth Institute reported 134 hate incidents.

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Human Rights First reported one physical assault and the desecration of one Muslim cemetery, in which 30 graves were damaged.

The COJEP reported a series of hate incidents against property, one arson attack on a mosque, three cases of damage to property (including the desecration of a cemetery), three cases of graffiti on property and two cases of graffiti on places of worship.

The Collective Against Islamophobia in France reported 152 hate incidents, including 12 physical assaults, four arson attacks on mosques, 11 cases of graffiti on mosques and three cases in which pigs’ heads were left outside mosques.

Hate crime against Christians and members of other religions

The Observatory on Intolerance and Discrimination against Christians reported a series of cases of desecration of cemeteries taking place throughout the year.

The Holy See reported one threat, one case of arson, five cases of graffiti on Church property, 13 cases of the desecration of cemeteries and another 11 of the desecration of churches or Church property.

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

SOS Homophobie reported 125 physical assaults against LGBT people.

Anti-Roma hate crime

An NGO reported an attack involving shots being fired at a Roma camp and the breaking into and burglary of homes there.

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) encouraged France to continue its training for police, prosecutors and judges on criminal-law provisions to combat racism, to improve systematic responses to complainants in racist acts, and to improve recording of racist incidents.

Anti-Roma hate crime

The UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) expressed concern about the reported increase in racist violence against Roma in France.

Anti-Semitic hate crime

The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) noted reports of increased convictions in France in connection with racist and anti-Semitic crimes as indications of an improved response by the court system.

Anti-Muslim hate crime

The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) noted that officials in France have taken a firm stance against “Islamophobia.”

The EU Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA) issued a report in 2010 examining the discrimination and violence experienced by Muslim and non-Muslim youths in France. The report found that victims of violence and discrimination often suffered from feelings of social marginalization.