Russian Federation
The Russian Federation's Criminal Code contains general and specific penalty-enhancement provisions and substantive offences. The authorities responsible for collecting data are the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Prosecutor's Office and the Statistical Office.
How hate crime data is collected
The registration of acts motivated by extremism is carried out by law enforcement agencies according to the general rules for registering all crimes. Information on crimes is entered in the registration documents – statistical cards – in the information centres of departments of internal affairs in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The Chief Information Analytical Centre of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is responsible for then collecting and revising the statistical information submitted by the information centres.
The statistical cards include a file for motives. Possible motives include: hostility, hate and reprisals on the basis of race, nationality, religion, ideology and political or social affiliation. The sampling and the entry of basic information about the committed acts into the forms of the federal state statistical recording (on identification of a perpetrator and the results of an investigation) is conducted according to the data provided in the card and based on the list of extremist crimes. Data on extremism offences can be found on the criminal statistics website of the Office of the General Prosecutor.
Prosecuting authorities do not register crimes. Prosecutors, as mandated by the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, ensure adherence to the rule of law during the detection, investigation or prosecution of a criminal offence, including for categories or crime mentioned above.
Official Data
National developments
The Russian Parliament amended the Criminal Code's provisions on incitement to hatred, including when committed through violence, as well as corresponding provisions in the Code of Administrative Offences, which regulates misdemeanours. In particular, the amendments establish harsher sanctions for such offences.
International reports
Racism and xenophobia, Bias against other groups - Sexual orientation or gender identity
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The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) published relevant recommendations in its "Fifth Report on the Russian Federation."
Key observation
ODIHR observes that the Russian Federation has not reported reliable statistics on hate crimes to ODIHR.
