Canada
Canada regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR and regularly publishes hate crime statistics. Canada conducts regular victimization surveys to measure unreported hate crime.
OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES
| Year | Hate crimes recorded by police | Prosecuted | Sentenced |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 4,777 | Not available | Not available |
| 2022 | 3,576 | 47 | 15 |
| 2021 | 3,360 | Not available | Not available |
| 2020 | 2,669 | Not available | Not available |
| 2019 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2018 | 1,798 | - | - |
| 2017 | 2073 | Not available | Not available |
| 2016 | 1409 | Not available | Not available |
| 2015 | 1362 | Not available | Not available |
| 2014 | 1295 | Not available | Not available |
| 2013 | 1140 | Not available | Not available |
| 2012 | 1414 | Not available | Not available |
| 2011 | 1322 | Not available | Not available |
| 2010 | 1401 | Not available | Not available |
| 2009 | 1473 | Not available | Not available |
About 2023 Data
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Hate crime data presented here may not match data presented elsewhere. Differences may be due to some incidents being reported through a supplemental survey that collects data in aggregate form, updates to historical incidents following police investigations, and changes to reporting and dissemination practices.
Data on prosecuted and sentenced cases will be available in November 2024.
Hate crime recorded by police
KEY OBSERVATION
ODIHR recognizes Canada's efforts to report hate crime data and information to ODIHR. ODIHR observes that Canada would benefit from ensuring that hate crimes are addressed in a comprehensive manner, including by introducing a co-ordination mechanism.
ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, OSCE participating States committed to collecting reliable data and statistics in sufficient detail on hate crimes, and to reporting these periodically to ODIHR. Furthermore, in Ministerial Council Decisions 9/09 and 13/06, participating States committed to ensuring a comprehensive approach to hate crimes. To that end, the relevant authorities are required to collaborate and co-ordinate with civil society. ODIHR stands ready to support Canada in meeting the relevant commitments through the provision of its comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection, as well as through further resources and assistance on developing a comprehensive hate crime responses.
INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY
🛈 Please note that the data in the charts above are based on voluntary civil society submissions and as such might not be representative of the actual number of incidents affecting individual communities.
🛈 Please note that the total number of incidents may be lower than the sum of incidents presented in the breakdown chart above, as some incidents involve multiple bias motivations.
🛈 ODIHR no longer presents descriptions of property attacks in the incident tables below. Data on property attacks are presented in the breakdown charts above. One property attack may target multiple properties or involve multiple types of attack.
Racist and xenophobic hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-09 | Violent attacks against people | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
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Other hate crime based on religion or belief
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-09 | Violent attacks against people | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
Show info |
Gender-based hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-05 | Violent attacks against people | Transgender Europe (TGEU)
|
Show info |
| 2023-06 | Violent attacks against people | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
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Anti-LGBTI hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-05 | Violent attacks against people | Transgender Europe (TGEU)
|
Show info |