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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. 

Authorities collaborate closely with civil society, including through Information Sharing Agreements concluded between the police and the Community Security Trust (CST), Galop and Tell MAMA, which enable the exchange of recorded data about incidents. The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) regularly convenes an external consultation group (ECG) on hate crime, whose members include community organizations, victim advocacy groups, academics with relevant expertise and others. ECG members scrutinize CPS policies and practices, and suggest where improvements can be made.   

In Northern Ireland, the Department of Justice chairs a multi-agency Hate Crime Delivery Group (HCDG) to identify strategic, cross-governmental priorities and develop new approaches to dealing with hate crime. The group meets quarterly and includes representatives of government departments, criminal justice agencies and victim groups. The Department of Justice and Northern Ireland Policing Board jointly fund Policing and Community Safety Partnerships (PCSPs) to engage and consult with the local community, and work with local partners to identify and prioritize local community safety and policing issues and develop initiatives and projects to address these. 

In Scotland, there is the Hate Crime Strategic Partnership Group (SPG), which brings together criminal justice agencies and civil society organizations with hate crime expertise.  The SPG helped ensure a multi-agency strategic approach was taken to the develop the Hate Crime Strategy for Scotland. The Hate Crime and Public Order Act (Scotland) Act 2021 became an Act of Parliament on 23 April 2021. The Act was commenced on 1 April 2024. 

The UK's College of Policing has developed guidelines for police on responding to hate crime, and the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) has issued relevant guidance for prosecutors and published public policy statements on particular hate crime strands. 

Police and prosecution data, which cover the reporting period from April to March of the following year, are regularly published by the relevant criminal justice agencies of England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. 

Hate crime data collection in the United Kingdom
Support for hate crime victims in the United Kingdom
Hate crime capacity building in the United Kingdom
The United Kingdom's hate crime legislation
TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

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Download the 2018 hate crime report for United Kingdom

OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2023 148,735 Not available Not available
2022 147,447 296 (NI) 1,107
2021 158,018 5,984 932
2020 125,848 16,824 9,510
2019 106,672 14,058 9,340
2018 111,076 18,055 10,817
2017 95,552 14,535 11,987
2016 80,763 20,321 Not available
2015 62518 21300 13103
2014 52853 4872 549
2013 47986 19689 12353
2012 47676 19205 10794
2011 50688 19802 12651
2010 53946 19342 11405
2009 58692 13030 10690

About 2018 Data

    Police data represent hate crimes recorded in England and Wales (103,379), Northern Ireland (961) and Scotland (6,736). More than a half of hate crimes recorded by police represent "public order offences", some of which fall outside of the scope of the OSCE's definition of hate crime. The total numbers of police recorded hate crimes by bias motivation presented below are higher than this overall number because of cases involving more than one bias. Prosecution data breakdown is as follows: 611 in Northern Ireland, 12,828 in England and Wales and 4,616 in Scotland. The number of convictions is for England and Wales only.

Hate crime recorded by police

The disaggregated data below are for England and Wales only. The Police and several civil society organizations involved in monitoring hate incidents (including Community Security Trust, Galop and Tell MAMA) are on a regular basis exchanging data about the recorded incidents. This data sharing is governed by the Information Sharing Agreements signed between the Police and each of the civil society organizations. As a result, some of the information presented below as part of the official monitoring of hate crimes (particularly data on anti-Semitic hate crime and hate crime motivated by intolerance against Muslims) is also included in the reporting by the above mentioned civil society organizations elsewhere on this page.

  • By bias motivation
  • By type of crime
Download official data
Download official data

National developments

In July 2016, the Department for Communities and Local Government, the Home Office and the Ministry of Justice published an action plan on hate crime entitled Action Against Hate: The UK Government's plan for Tackling Hate Crime.

In October, the Crown Prosecution Service published revised guidelines on prosecuting cases involving communications sent via social media, which now includes a section on hate crime to equip prosecutors to address these cases.

In August 2017, as part of its #HateCrimeMatters campaign, the Crown Prosecution Service published Public Policy Statements and Legal Guidance on the monitored strands of hate crime.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR observes that the United Kingdom has met most OSCE commitments on hate crime data collection and reporting.

INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY

  • Total Incidents
  • Targeted properties
  • Type of property attacks

In addition to the descriptive incidents displayed in the tables below, this chart includes the following incidents reported as statistics: 310 anti-Semitic incidents reported by the Community Security Trust (CST); and 177 anti-Muslim incidents reported by Tell Mama.

In addition to the descriptive incidents displayed in the tables below, this chart includes the following incidents reported as statistics: 310 anti-Semitic incidents reported by the Community Security Trust (CST); and 177 anti-Muslim incidents reported by Tell Mama.

In addition to the descriptive incidents displayed in the tables below, this chart includes the following incidents reported as statistics: 310 anti-Semitic incidents reported by the Community Security Trust (CST); and 177 anti-Muslim incidents reported by Tell Mama.

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-06 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Tell MAMA
Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Tell MAMA
Show info

Anti-Semitic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-10 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-05 Threats/Harassment
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-10 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-06 Threats/Harassment
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-10 Threats/Harassment
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-11 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-09 Threats/Harassment
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-09 Threats/Harassment
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018 Threats/Harassment
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Tell MAMA
Show info
2018-03 Threats/Harassment
Tell MAMA
Show info
2018-04 Threats/Harassment
Tell MAMA
Show info
2018-10 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-11 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-11 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
SETA
Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info
2018 Threats/Harassment
Tell MAMA
Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Tell MAMA
Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Tell MAMA
Show info
2018 Threats/Harassment
Galop
Show info

Anti-Christian hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-08 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-11 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-01 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
OIDAC
Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-01 Threats/Harassment
OIDAC
Show info

Other hate crime based on religion or belief

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
SETA
Show info

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018 Threats/Harassment
Galop
Show info
2018 Threats/Harassment
Galop
Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Galop
Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Galop
Show info

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

No information is available.

Contact Us

Email tndinfo@odihr.pl
Tel +48 22 520 06 00
Fax +48 22 520 06 05
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Department
Ul. Miodowa 10
00-251
Warsaw, Poland

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