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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. 

Authorities collaborate closely with civil society, including through Information Sharing Agreements concluded between the police and the Community Security Trust (CST), Galop and Tell MAMA, which enable the exchange of recorded data about incidents. The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) regularly convenes an external consultation group (ECG) on hate crime, whose members include community organizations, victim advocacy groups, academics with relevant expertise and others. ECG members scrutinize CPS policies and practices, and suggest where improvements can be made.   

In Northern Ireland, the Department of Justice chairs a multi-agency Hate Crime Delivery Group (HCDG) to identify strategic, cross-governmental priorities and develop new approaches to dealing with hate crime. The group meets quarterly and includes representatives of government departments, criminal justice agencies and victim groups. The Department of Justice and Northern Ireland Policing Board jointly fund Policing and Community Safety Partnerships (PCSPs) to engage and consult with the local community, and work with local partners to identify and prioritize local community safety and policing issues and develop initiatives and projects to address these. 

In Scotland, there is the Hate Crime Strategic Partnership Group (SPG), which brings together criminal justice agencies and civil society organizations with hate crime expertise.  The SPG helped ensure a multi-agency strategic approach was taken to the develop the Hate Crime Strategy for Scotland. The Hate Crime and Public Order Act (Scotland) Act 2021 became an Act of Parliament on 23 April 2021. The Act was commenced on 1 April 2024. 

The UK's College of Policing has developed guidelines for police on responding to hate crime, and the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) has issued relevant guidance for prosecutors and published public policy statements on particular hate crime strands. 

Police and prosecution data, which cover the reporting period from April to March of the following year, are regularly published by the relevant criminal justice agencies of England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. 

Hate crime data collection in the United Kingdom
Support for hate crime victims in the United Kingdom
Hate crime capacity building in the United Kingdom
The United Kingdom's hate crime legislation
TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

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Download the 2014 hate crime report for United Kingdom

OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2023 148,735 Not available Not available
2022 147,447 296 (NI) 1,107
2021 158,018 5,984 932
2020 125,848 16,824 9,510
2019 106,672 14,058 9,340
2018 111,076 18,055 10,817
2017 95,552 14,535 11,987
2016 80,763 20,321 Not available
2015 62518 21300 13103
2014 52853 4872 549
2013 47986 19689 12353
2012 47676 19205 10794
2011 50688 19802 12651
2010 53946 19342 11405
2009 58692 13030 10690

About 2014 Data

    Police data include recorded hate crimes in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and do not include figures for Scotland. Prosecution data are not yet available for England and Wales. Prosecution data breakdown is as follows: 241 in Northern Ireland and 4,631 in Scotland. Data on sentencing only include Northern Ireland. All data cover the period from April 2014 to March 2015.

Hate crime recorded by police

  • By bias motivation
  • By type of crime
Download official data
Download official data

National developments

The Welsh Assembly published its hate crime strategy, “Tackling hate crimes and incidents: a framework for action”, focusing on three objectives: prevention, supporting victims and improving multi-agency response.

The London’s Mayor’s Office published a hate crime strategy for London. The strategy identifies a number of objectives for 2014-2017, including: disseminating hate crime resources for educational institutions; developing an awareness campaign in London; developing a smartphone app for reporting incidents; developing a third party telephone reporting mechanism across London to supplement already existing local mechanisms; co-operating with the Ministry of Justice to develop resources within the True Vision hate crime reporting information website that are specific to London; developing, with the Metropolitan Police Service, a map of London’s hate crime hotspots; improving the use of enhanced sentencing by judges in “hostility-based offences” by urging the Home Secretary to introduce new sentencing guidelines for hate crimes and the recording of enhanced sentences on the Police National Computer. 

A new guidance on hate crime was published by the College of Policing and it aims at helping police officers reduce under-reporting of hate crimes. The guidance further recognized emerging challenges such as internet-based offences and improving police response to disability hate crime.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR observes that the United Kingdom has met most OSCE commitments on hate crime data collection and reporting. ODIHR further observes that data on certain OSCE-mandated bias motivations – although recorded - have not been reported to ODIHR.

Incidents reported by civil society, international organizations and the Holy See

TOTAL 459 INCIDENTS
Download incident data

Reports

Anti-Semitic hate crime

The Community Security Trust (CST) and the Kantor Center reported 81 physical assaults, including one in which the victim was attacked with a baseball bat and glass, 38 assaults against visibly Jewish people, mainly men, four against worshippers in the vicinity of a synagogue, and four against school children.

The CST and the Kantor Center also reported 79 incidents of damage to Jewish property, including 39 incidents of damage to Jewish homes and nine incidents against synagogues, a further 65 incidents of anti-Semitic graffiti or stickers, 92 incidents of threats, 29 of which took place in public and 21 of which took place on social media or email, and four by standard mail. Many of the incidents reported by CST were in connection with the conflict in Gaza during the summer of 2014.

read more ›

Hate crime against Christians and members of other religions

The Observatory on Intolerance and Discrimination against Christians reported an attempted arson attack on a church and one incident in which parishioners were threatened during a service.

read more ›

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

Transgender Europe and the Transgender Equality Network – Ireland  reported one physical assault and a series of threats against a transgender student.

read more ›

Anti-Roma hate crime

Tell MAMA reported one incident of threats against a woman.

read more ›

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Tell MAMA reported one physical assault by a group against a Muslim woman, during which her headscarf was ripped-off and racial slurs were used; the stabbing of a Pakistani taxi driver, during which his vehicle was damaged; one incident of threats against an Asian family by a group, during which a vehicle was damaged; and three incidents of threats.

read more ›

Anti-Muslim hate crime

MEND and Tell MAMA reported the attempted murder of a man in which anti-Muslim slurs were used; three physical assaults causing serious injury; one incident of threat; three arson attacks against places of worship;  two incidents of in which places of worship were desecrated, including one in which a pig's head was placed outside an Islamic centre; one incident of the desecration of graves, and; one incident of damage to property.

Tell MAMA further reported 20 incidents of physical assault, four of which caused serious injuries and two of which were carried out by groups; and one attempted physical assault on a family. Victims of these physical assaults included 17 women, six of whom had their headscarves ripped-off, and one boy who was attacked twice. Tell MAMA also reported six incidents of damage to property, four of which targeted mosques; one arson attack; one attempted arson attack on a mosque; one incident of burglary, during which a mosque was vandalized; four incidents of graffiti; and 25 incidents of threats.

MEND additionally reported 17 physical assaults, eight of which caused serious injuries; two incidents of threats; one incident of robbery during which a man was verbally abused and assaulted by a group; four incidents of damage to property; three arson attacks on places of worship; and two incidents of vandalism.

read more ›

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

No information is available.

Contact Us

Email tndinfo@odihr.pl
Tel +48 22 520 06 00
Fax +48 22 520 06 05
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Department
Ul. Miodowa 10
00-251
Warsaw, Poland

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