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  • Overview
  • Hate crimes - Official data
  • ODIHR's key observations
  • Hate incidents - Unofficial data
  • International reports
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Spain

Spain regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. Spain publishes annual reports on hate crimes.

Spain implemented ODIHR's Training Against Hate Crime for Law Enforcement (TAHCLE) programme in 2019, and the Prosecutor General's Office has established a network of dedicated hate crime prosecutors across the country. In May 2019, the Ministry of Interior co-organized with ODIHR and the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights a workshop on understanding and improving hate crime recording and data collection. In March 2021, ODIHR held a diagnostic workshop to assess and improve national structures for hate crime victim support. Both workshops resulted in sets of recommendations to relevant state authorities.

The Ministry of Interior has a dedicated protocol for law enforcement that regulates how hate crime cases are handled and sets out the specific rights of hate crime victims. Within the Ministry, the Spanish National Office for the Fight against Hate Crimes (ONDOD) is responsible for the Hate Crime Action Plan (adopted for 2019-2021 and 2022-2024). Currently, the Action Plan covers the areas of victim support, co-ordination among state authorities, civil society and the private sector, hate crime prevention, specialization within the police, training, awareness raising, and the allocation of adequate human resources in ONDOD. A hate crime victimization survey was carried out between 18 December 2020 and 31 March 2021.

Hate crime data collection in Spain
Support for hate crime victims in Spain
Access more information at the Legislation Online website Legislationline TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

SELECT YEAR

  • 2021
  • 2020
  • 2019
  • 2018
  • 2017
  • 2016
  • 2015
  • 2014
  • 2013
  • 2012
  • 2011
  • 2010
  • 2009

OFFICIAL DATA

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2021 1,802 192 91
2020 1401 675 144
2019 1706 Not available Not available
2018 1598 Not available Not available
2017 1419 Not available Not available
2016 1272 Not available Not available
2015 1328 Not available Not available
2014 1285 Not available Not available
2013 1168 Not available Not available
2012 261 Not available Not available
2011 224 Not available Not available
2010 92 Not available Not available
2009 93 Not available Not available

About 2021 Data

    The figure presented here includes ten offences motivated by "fear of the poor" and 326 offences motivated by ideology. These two categories are not included in the breakdown by bias motivation provided below. Police records include 78 incidents that were classified as administrative infractions and not criminal offences.

Hate crime recorded by police

The following is a breakdown of police recorded figures by bias motivation. 

  • By bias motivation
  • By type of crime
Download official data
Download official data

National developments

In 2021, the Spanish National Office for the Fight against Hate Crimes (ONDOD) of the Ministry of Interior finalized a hate crime victimization survey for the period from 18 December 2020 to 31 March 2021. The aim of the research was to collect information on hate crime and record the experiences of hate crime victims. While more than 700 persons responded to the survey, only around 400 responses contributed to the statistical report, which focused on respondents who reported being the victim of a hate crime in the last five years. This selection was applied to ensure a more accurate understanding of the problem and allow for the implementation of measures to reduce victimization. Survey questions explored victims' perceptions of hate crime and efforts to combat such crimes in Spain, as well as the impact of hate crime on their lives. Respondents were also asked about their treatment by police and, where applicable, their reasons for not reporting a hate crime to the authorities.

In 2021, the Ministry of the Interior also developed a second Action Plan to combat hate crimes (2022-2024). To ensure the Plan's applicability, the Ministry drew on contributions from state and regional police forces, the specialized Prosecutor's Office and civil society organizations (CSOs). The main pillar of the Plan is to assist and support victims of hate crime, including through the following "Lines of Action":

  • Assisting and supporting victims of hate crime.
  • Strengthening the co-ordination mechanisms of law enforcement authorities, including with other public and private institutions.
  • Preventing hate crimes by developing tools that improve the effectiveness of investigations, in line with the current plans of the Secretary of State for Security.
  • Creating groups to combat hate crimes within the General Information Police Station and Provincial Information Brigades of the National Police, as well as in the civil guard and its regional units.
  • Promoting the training, sensitization and awareness of police in combating hate crimes.
  • Encouraging participation of and collaboration with CSOs, allowing for sustained improvements in combating hate crimes.
  • Increasing the knowledge, tools and instruments available to the law enforcement authorities in combating hate crimes.
  • Allocating adequate human resources to the National Office to Fight Hate Crimes.

The Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration is developing a Strategic Framework for citizenship and inclusion policies. The Framework includes policies to prevent, counter and raise awareness of xenophobia, racism and intolerance, as well as policies to provide hate crime victims with the necessary support and assistance.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR recognizes Spain's efforts to conduct a hate crime victimization survey and adopt a comprehensive hate crime action plan focusing on hate crime victim support. However, based on the available information, it observes that Spain would benefit from strengthening the inclusion of, collaboration with, and facilitating the work of civil society working on hate crime and with victims.

ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decisions 9/09 and 13/06, OSCE participating States committed to taking a proactive and inclusive approach to working with civil society to address hate crime. ODIHR stands ready to support Spain in meeting its relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and assistance.


Our methodology 

INCIDENTS REPORTED BY OTHER SOURCES

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2021-06 Violent attacks against people
Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG)
Show info
2021-01 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-01 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-01 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-02 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-02 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-03 Attacks against property
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-06 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-04 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-04 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-04 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-06 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-06 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-06 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-06 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-07 Attacks against property
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-08 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-08 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-09 Threats
OLRC
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info

Anti-Roma hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2021-06 Violent attacks against people
Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG)
Show info

Anti-Semitic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2021-05 Attacks against property
OLRC
Show info
2021-02 Threats
OLRC
Show info
2021-05 Attacks against property
OLRC
Show info
2021-09 Threats
OLRC
Show info
2021-12 Threats
OLRC
Show info

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2021-01 Attacks against property
OLRC
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-01 Attacks against property
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-02 Attacks against property
OLRC
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-06 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-04 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-07 Attacks against property
OLRC
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-09 Violent attacks against people
OLRC
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-09 Threats
OLRC
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-10 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-04 Threats
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info

Anti-Christian hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2021-04 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-06 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-10 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-10 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-10 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-11 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-11 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-11 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-11 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-12 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-07 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-07 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2021-09 Violent attacks against people
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-09 Violent attacks against people
OLRC
Show info
2021-01 Attacks against property
OLRC
Show info
2021-02 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-03 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-03 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
OLRC
Show info
2021-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-12 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-12 Attacks against property
OLRC
Show info
2021-12 Attacks against property
OLRC
Show info
2021-03 Threats
OLRC
Show info
2021-12 Attacks against property
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-12 Threats
OIDAC
OLRC
Show info
2021-01 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-10 Threats
OIDAC
Show info
2021-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2021-12 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info

Gender-based hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2021-09 Attacks against property
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-05 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-01 Violent attacks against people
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info
2021-09 Threats
OLRC
Union of Islamic Communities of Spain
Show info

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2021-07 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

No information is available.
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2021 Hate Crime Data Now Available!

16 Nov 2022
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ODIHR's impact in 2021: Marking 15 years of reporting hate crimes

12 Apr 2022
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ODIHR's impact in 2021: Lifting up indigenous voices to counter racism and promote diversity and inclusion

01 Apr 2022
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ODIHR's impact in 2021: Delivering tools to support hate crime victims

24 Mar 2022
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2021 Call for Civil Society Submissions

16 Feb 2022
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2020 Announcement Page

2020 Hate Crime Data Now Available!

15 Nov 2021
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FAQ.png

Hate Crime Data: Frequently Asked Questions

15 Nov 2021
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Steps to Meet Hate Crime Victims' Needs

ODIHR's impact in 2020: Strengthening Support for Hate Crime Victims

16 Apr 2021
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10 practical steps to respond to the security needs of Muslim communities

ODIHR's impact in 2020: A holistic and inclusive response to anti-Muslim hate crimes

15 Apr 2021
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2019 Announcement_Page_1.png

2019 Hate Crime Data Now Available!

29 Jan 2021

Contact Us

Email tndinfo@odihr.pl
Tel +48 22 520 06 00
Fax +48 22 520 06 05
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Department
Ul. Miodowa 10
00-251
Warsaw, Poland

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