Montenegro
Montenegro has reported information on hate crimes to ODIHR, most recently for the 2023 and 2024 Hate Crime Reports.
In 2017, Montenegro adopted measures to facilitate the effective prosecution of hate crimes following the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Alkovic v. Montenegro (No. 66895/10). In 2023, Montenegro amended legislation to include the offence of public acts provoking or inciting racial and religious hatred (Article 370), as well as special circumstances for sentencing hate crimes (Article 42a).
In 2025, the Supreme State Prosecutor adopted the Binding Instruction on the Conduct of State Prosecutors' Offices in Cases of Hate Crimes and Hate Speech. The Instruction improves the system for recording, monitoring and reporting on criminal offences committed out of hatred and hate speech.
In 2013, Montenegrin police officers participated in ODIHR's Training Against Hate Crimes for Law Enforcement (TAHCLE), followed by cascaded training events between 2013 and 2022, and a ODIHR refresher training in 2022. In 2023, ODIHR delivered a train-the-trainer workshop to prosecutors and judges as part of its Prosecutors and Hate Crime Training (PAHCT) programme.
OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES
| Year | Hate crimes recorded by police | Prosecuted | Sentenced |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 3 | 0 | 749 |
| 2023 | 19 | 4 | 623 |
| 2022 | 3 | Not available | 602 |
| 2021 | 7 | - | 5 |
| 2020 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2019 | 31 | - | 3 |
| 2018 | - | 0 | 1 |
| 2017 | Not available | Not available | 1 |
| 2016 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2015 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2014 | Not available | Not available | 0 |
| 2013 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2012 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2011 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2010 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2009 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
About 2016 Data
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Two sentenced cases were reported to ODIHR, but both were decisions on the crime of violation of equality, a discrimination provision falling outside the OSCE's concept of hate crimes.
Hate crime recorded by police
KEY OBSERVATION
ODIHR observes that Montenegro has not periodically reported to ODIHR the number of hate crimes recorded by police.
OVERVIEW OF INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY
CIVIL SOCIETY INCIDENT SUMMARIES
Anti-LGBTI
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-01 | Violent attacks against people | ILGA-Europe
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Attacks against property | ILGA-Europe
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Violent attacks against people | ILGA-Europe
|
Show info |
INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
Racist and xenophobic hate crime, Anti-Roma hate crime, Anti-LGBTI hate crime
In its fifth report on Montenegro, the Council of Europe's European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) commended the improved protection of Roma people against hate crime but observed that LGBT people remain at high risk of being targeted. ECRI recommended that the authorities introduce a coherent system for recording hate crimes and collecting data and that they scale-up the training of criminal justice personnel and ensure that this training specifically addresses the identification of hate crimes. ECRI also recommended that the authorities provide clear instructions to the police about how to investigate hate crimes.