Italy

Italy regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. Italy's Criminal Code contains general penalty enhancement and substantive offence provisions. Hate crime data are collected by law enforcement authorities and the Ministry of Interior. Data are not made publicly available.

How hate crime data is collected in Italy

How hate crime data is collected in Italy

Italian legislation does not provide a definition of hate crime. Hate crimes, like all other crimes, are recorded by competent police officers. There is no instruction or policy document to guide police in identifying and recording hate crimes.
Initial crime reports, including victim information and information about police action and legal qualification, are entered into and stored in the Sistema di Indagine (SDI) investigation crime database. The SDI is organized according to different criminal law provisions, which are marked on every report entered into the system. For this reason, the SDI system only serves to register the strands of hate crime mentioned in the law, including ethnicity, nationality, race, religion or crime against national linguistic minorities. There is no specific marker for each bias motivation in the SDI, so crimes cannot be distinguished from one another in the database according to motive. Crimes committed on discriminatory grounds other than those explicitly outlined in the law (e.g., gender identity or sexual orientation) are entered into the SDI as ordinary offences.

A separate system exists for monitoring these additional strands of hate crimes. The Observatory for Security against Discriminatory Acts (OSCAD) collects reports of these crimes. Not all the reports collected by OSCAD are included in the SDI database. In 2011, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between OSCAD and the National Office against Racial Discrimination (UNAR) of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers. UNAR and OSCAD exchange information about incidents on this basis. Through this mechanism, UNAR submits to OSCAD hate crime cases reported to its contact centre. OSCAD can also receive reports from civil society organizations (CSOs) working with victims of hate crimes. These reports do not replace police reports but OSCAD can further facilitate contact between the reporting organization and the relevant police office or other institution.

A government unit is responsible for managing the national SDI database, including hate crimes. The Service of the Multi-Agency Information System is part of the Ministry of the Interior's Central Directorate of Criminal Police of the Department of Public Security.

As the SDI does not allow hate crime bias motivations to be distinguished, only aggregated data on all monitored strands of hate crime are available. This aggregate number includes hate crimes committed on the grounds of race/skin colour, ethnicity, origin, minority status, citizenship, language, bias against Roma and Sinti, and bias against religion (including anti-Semitism, anti-Muslim, anti-Christian and other religions).

Similarly to the SDI, there is no option for prosecutors to flag hate crimes in the relevant casefile management system. It is only possible to detect hate crimes by referring to a particular criminal provision and/or aggravating circumstances (general penalty enhancement) provision. The Ministry of Justice is competent for collecting criminal data registered at ordinary courts, through the General Directorate for Statistics and Organizational Analysis of the Department for Judicial Organization of Staff and Services. Data relating to people under investigation for hate crimes with a request for closure or being brought to trial are dealt with by the National Statistics Institute (ISTAT).

Access more information at the Legislation Online website Legislationline TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

OFFICIAL DATA

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2020 1111 Not available Not available
2019 1119 - -
2018 1111 613 46
2017 1048 613 40
2016 736 424 31
2015 555 Not available Not available
2014 596 Not available Not available
2013 472 Not available Not available
2012 71 Not available 10
2011 68 31 19
2010 56 Not available 60
2009 134 Not available Not available

About 2018 Data

    The data refers to the number of criminal offences, with one incident potentially involving several offences. The reported numbers include some cases of hate speech and discrimination.

Hate crime recorded by police

The data presented here includes information from the police database (SDI) and information gathered by the Observatory for Security against Acts of Discrimination (OSCAD). The breakdown below consists of: (i) SDI data covering the following bias motivations: "race/colour"; ethnicity; nationality; language; anti-Semitism; bias against Roma and Sinti; bias against Muslims; and bias against members of other religions; and (ii) OSCAD data on hate crimes motivated by bias against "sexual orientation and transgender identity" and bias against people with "disability".

National developments

The Criminal Code's hate crime provisions were amended to correspond with the requirements of EU law. Consequently, changes to the aggravating circumstance provision preclude the bias motivation aggravation to be balanced against other, mitigating circumstances.

The Observatory for Security against Acts of Discrimination (OSCAD) continued to conduct training activities on hate crimes for a broad target group, including different ranks of the Carabinieri Corps and the National Police. This has also included the cascading of ODIHR's TAHCLE programme.

INCIDENTS REPORTED BY OTHER SOURCES

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018 Threats
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018 Attacks against property
Arcigay
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-01 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-01 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-01 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-01 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
SETA
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
UNHCR
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-11 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-01 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-05 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-11 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Gay Center/Gay Helpline
 Show info
2018-02 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
SETA
UNHCR
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
UNHCR
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info
2018-11 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info
2018-07 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
SETA
 Show info

Anti-Roma hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018 Threats
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-02 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Association 21 July
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
 Show info

Anti-Semitic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-01 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-02 Threats
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-04 Threats
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-04 Threats
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-06 Threats
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-06 Threats
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-07 Threats
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-10 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-11 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-12 Threats
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Observatory on anti-Semitism
 Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018 Attacks against property
Arcigay
 Show info
2018-06 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
SETA
 Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
Lunaria
SETA
 Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
SETA
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-07 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
SETA
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
SETA
 Show info
2018-03 Violent attacks against people
SETA
 Show info

Anti-Christian hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-09 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-10 Attacks against property
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-03 Threats
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-11 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-11 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-10 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-10 Threats
Jehovah's Witnesses
 Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-01 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-11 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-02 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-10 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
Holy See
 Show info
2018-03 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-07 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info
2018-06 Attacks against property
OIDAC
 Show info

Disability hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Arcigay
 Show info

Gender-based hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-04 Attacks against property
UNHCR
 Show info
2018-09 Threats
Lunaria
 Show info
2018-09 Violent attacks against people
Lunaria
 Show info

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2018-07 Violent attacks against people
Arcigay
 Show info
2018-05 Violent attacks against people
Arcigay
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Arcigay
 Show info
2018 Threats
Arcigay
 Show info
2018-04 Violent attacks against people
Arcigay
 Show info
2018 Attacks against property
Arcigay
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Arcigay
 Show info
2018 Attacks against property
Arcigay
 Show info
2018-12 Violent attacks against people
Gay Center/Gay Helpline
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Gay Center/Gay Helpline
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Gay Center/Gay Helpline
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Gay Center/Gay Helpline
 Show info
2018 Violent attacks against people
Gay Center/Gay Helpline
 Show info

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

Anti-Roma hate crime

The Council of Europe's Ad Hoc Committee Of Experts On Roma And Traveller Issues (CAHROM) published relevant recommendations in its "Thematic Report on Roma and Travellers' Access to Justice (with a gender focus)."

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR observes that Italy has not reported the numbers of prosecuted hate crimes or information on the sentencing of hate crime cases to ODIHR.