Canada
Canada regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR and regularly publishes hate crime statistics. Canada conducts regular victimization surveys to measure unreported hate crime.
OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES
| Year | Hate crimes recorded by police | Prosecuted | Sentenced |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 4,777 | Not available | Not available |
| 2022 | 3,576 | 47 | 15 |
| 2021 | 3,360 | Not available | Not available |
| 2020 | 2,669 | Not available | Not available |
| 2019 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2018 | 1,798 | - | - |
| 2017 | 2073 | Not available | Not available |
| 2016 | 1409 | Not available | Not available |
| 2015 | 1362 | Not available | Not available |
| 2014 | 1295 | Not available | Not available |
| 2013 | 1140 | Not available | Not available |
| 2012 | 1414 | Not available | Not available |
| 2011 | 1322 | Not available | Not available |
| 2010 | 1401 | Not available | Not available |
| 2009 | 1473 | Not available | Not available |
About 2021 Data
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In addition to the numbers presented here, the police also recorded incidents motivated by age, other factors, and those where the bias motivation was unknown. Hate crime data presented here may not match data presented elsewhere. Differences may be due to some incidents being reported through a supplemental survey that collects data in aggregate form, updates to historical incidents following police investigations, and changes to reporting and dissemination practices.
Hate crime recorded by police
KEY OBSERVATION
ODIHR recognizes Canada's efforts to improve its hate crime recording and data collection methodology to enable the further disaggregation of data, as well as the regular submission of information on police records to ODIHR. However, based on the available information, it observes that Canada has not reported hate crime data recorded by prosecution and judiciary to ODIHR. In addition, ODIHR observes that Canada would benefit from ensuring that hate crimes are addressed in a comprehensive manner, including by introducing a co-ordination mechanism.
ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, OSCE participating States committed to collecting reliable data and statistics in sufficient detail on hate crimes, and to reporting these periodically to ODIHR. Furthermore, in Ministerial Council Decisions 9/09 and 13/06, participating States committed to ensuring a comprehensive approach to hate crimes. To that end, the relevant authorities are required to co-ordinate among themselves, while collaborating closely with civil society. ODIHR stands ready to support Canada in meeting the relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection, as well as further resources and assistance in the area of responding to hate crimes comprehensively.
INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY
Racist and xenophobic hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-12 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-02 | Threats/Harassment | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
Show info |
Anti-Muslim hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-02 | Threats/Harassment | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Violent attacks against people | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
Show info |
Anti-Christian hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-12 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
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| 2021-08 | Violent attacks against people | Holy See
|
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| 2021-09 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
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| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-07 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
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| 2021-07 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-07 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-07 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Threats/Harassment | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-09 | Threats/Harassment | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-08 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
|
Show info |