Canada

Canada regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR and regularly publishes hate crime statistics. Canada conducts regular victimization surveys to measure unreported hate crime.

SELECT YEAR

OFFICIAL DATA

Year	Hate crimes recorded by police	Prosecuted	Sentenced
2022	3,576	Not available	Not available
2021	3,360	Not available	Not available
2020	2,669	Not available	Not available
2019	Not available	Not available	Not available
2018	1,798	-	-
2017	2073	Not available	Not available
2016	1409	Not available	Not available
2015	1362	Not available	Not available
2014	1295	Not available	Not available
2013	1140	Not available	Not available
2012	1414	Not available	Not available
2011	1322	Not available	Not available
2010	1401	Not available	Not available
2009	1473	Not available	Not available

About 2022 Data

Hate crime data presented here may not match data presented elsewhere. Differences may be due to some incidents being reported through a supplemental survey that collects data in aggregate form, updates to historical incidents following police investigations, and changes to reporting and dissemination practices.

Download official data

National developments

In 2022, a new offence of "wilful promotion of anti-Semitism" was introduced into the Criminal Code of Canada.

In 2022, a new Hate Crime Chiefs of Police National Roundtable Task Force was created. The Task Force aims to increase awareness of the scope, nature and impact of hate crimes in Canada at the community and interpersonal levels among the Canadian public and police. Activities of the Task Force include: developing publicly available information to promote a shared understanding of hate crimes; highlighting the ways in which hate crimes can be reported to police; updating police training related to hate crimes; improving engagement with victims and communities; exploring how hate crimes can be captured and reported more effectively; identifying measures to support the prosecution process; and exploring the creation of national standards. This will be achieved by working together to leverage the various experiences and knowledge of the members, as well as by drawing on work already undertaken by the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police, Canadian Race Relations Foundation and other partners and groups.

The Human Rights Commissioner for British Columbia launched an inquiry into hate incidents that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. The inquiry aimed to understand the historical antecedents for hate and discrimination and respond to present and future issues related to hate during the pandemic. The inquiry was ongoing in 2022, and the report was published in March 2023.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR recognizes Canada's efforts to improve its hate crime recording and data collection methodology to enable the further disaggregation of data, as well as the regular submission of information on police records to ODIHR. However, based on the available information, it observes that Canada has not reported hate crime data recorded by prosecution and judiciary to ODIHR. In addition, ODIHR observes that Canada would benefit from ensuring that hate crimes are addressed in a comprehensive manner, including by introducing a co-ordination mechanism.

ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, OSCE participating States committed to collecting reliable data and statistics in sufficient detail on hate crimes and to reporting these periodically to ODIHR. Furthermore, in Ministerial Council Decisions 9/09 and 13/06, participating States committed to ensuring a comprehensive approach to hate crimes. To that end, the relevant authorities are required to collaborate and co-ordinate with civil society. ODIHR stands ready to support Canada in meeting the relevant commitments through the provision of its comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection, as well as through further resources and assistance in developing comprehensive hate crime responses.

INCIDENTS REPORTED BY OTHER SOURCES

Total Incidents
Targeted properties
Type of property attacks

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Date	Type of incident	Source	Description
2022-01	Threats	OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights	Show info
2022-03	Threats	OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights	Show info
2022-02	Threats	OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights	Show info
2022-02	Threats	OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights	Show info

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Date	Type of incident	Source	Description
2022-08	Violent attacks against people	OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights	Show info
2022-08	Violent attacks against people	OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights	Show info
2022-07	Violent attacks against people	OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights	Show info