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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. The United Kingdom's hate crime laws are a combination of general penalty enhancement provisions and substantive offences. In England and Wales, hate crime data are collected and published by the Home Office, based on police data submissions. Prosecution data is collected and published by the Crown Prosecution Service. The Crime Survey of England and Wales includes regular victimization surveys to measure unreported hate crimes. In Northern Ireland, hate crime data are collected by the Police Service of Northern Ireland and the Public Prosecution Service for Northern Ireland. In Scotland, data are collected by the Procurator Fiscal and Police Scotland. Police and prosecution data, which cover the reporting period from April to March of the following year, are regularly published.

Hate crime data collection in the United Kingdom
Support for hate crime victims in the United Kingdom
Access more information at the Legislation Online website Legislationline TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

SELECT YEAR

  • 2020
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  • 2009

OFFICIAL DATA

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2020 125,848 16,824 9,510
2019 106,672 14,058 9,340
2018 111,076 18,055 10,817
2017 95,552 14,535 11,987
2016 80,763 20,321 Not available
2015 62518 21300 13103
2014 52853 4872 549
2013 47986 19689 12353
2012 47676 19205 10794
2011 50688 19802 12651
2010 53946 19342 11405
2009 58692 13030 10690

About 2020 Data

    Police data represent hate crimes recorded in England and Wales (124,091) and Northern Ireland (1,757). More than half of hate crimes recorded by police represent "public order offences", some of which fall outside of the OSCE's definition of hate crime. Prosecution data consists of 10,969 cases in England and Wales 5,525 cases in Scotland and 330 cases in Northern Ireland. The number of convictions is for England and Wales only.

Hate crime recorded by police

The disaggregated data below are only for England and Wales and for Northern Ireland. The Police and several civil society organizations involved in monitoring hate incidents (including the Community Security Trust, Galop and Tell MAMA) exchange data on a regular basis about recorded incidents. This data sharing is governed by Information Sharing Agreements signed by the Police and each of the civil society organizations. As a result, some of the information presented below (particularly data on anti-Semitic hate crime and hate crime motivated by intolerance against Muslims) is also included in reporting by the abovementioned civil society organizations elsewhere on this page.

  • By bias motivation
  • By type of crime
Download official data
Download official data

INCIDENTS REPORTED BY OTHER SOURCES

In addition to incidents summarized below, this graph includes the following numbers of hate incidents reported as statistics: 457 reported by CST; and 45 reported by Kantor Center.

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-09 Threats
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-03 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-01 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-02 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-04 Attacks against property
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-07 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
UNHCR
Show info
2020 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-06 Attacks against property
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-06 Attacks against property
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020 Threats
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-08 Attacks against property
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-08 Attacks against property
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-03 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-08 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-10 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-05 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-08 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-07 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-05 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-05 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-10 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-11 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-05 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-11 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-06 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-02 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-01 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-12 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-06 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-11 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-11 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-11 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-02 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-06 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-07 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-03 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-03 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-07 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-07 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-04 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-03 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-02 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-06 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-09 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-07 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-07 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-10 Violent attacks against people
Holy See
Show info

Anti-Semitic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-09 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-09 Threats
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-07 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-02 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-03 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-06 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-09 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-11 Attacks against property
Community Security Trust (CST)
Show info
2020-08 Threats
UNHCR
Show info
2020-06 Violent attacks against people
Community Security Trust (CST)
Kantor Center
Show info

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020-02 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020 Threats
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-06 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-07 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-01 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-01 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-10 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-11 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-07 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-02 Attacks against property
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-02 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-04 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-05 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-06 Attacks against property
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-09 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-10 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-02 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-11 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-05 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info

Anti-Christian hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020-02 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-02 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-02 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-02 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-02 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-03 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-03 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-04 Attacks against property
Holy See
OIDAC
Show info
2020-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-04 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
Holy See
OIDAC
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-08 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
OIDAC
Show info
2020-09 Threats
OIDAC
Show info
2020-09 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-11 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-11 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-12 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-12 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-12 Attacks against property
OIDAC
Show info
2020-01 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-12 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-01 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-02 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-03 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-06 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-06 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-07 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-07 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-08 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-09 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-09 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-11 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-11 Attacks against property
Holy See
OIDAC
Show info
2020-10 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-05 Attacks against property
Holy See
Show info
2020-06 Violent attacks against people
Holy See
Show info
2020-10 Violent attacks against people
Holy See
Show info

Other hate crime based on religion or belief

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020-11 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-12 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-02 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info

Disability hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info

Gender-based hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020-11 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-12 Violent attacks against people
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-07 Threats
Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND)
Show info
2020-07 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-08 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2020-10 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info
2020-08 Attacks against property
UNHCR
Show info
2020-06 Violent attacks against people
UNHCR
Show info

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

No information is available.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR recognizes the United Kingdom's efforts in improving the quality of data reported to ODIHR from year to year. It observes that United Kingdom would benefit from raising the awareness and building the capacity of criminal justice officials about hate crimes, particularly with regards to some of the more isolated victim groups.

ODIHR recalls that in the Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, participating States have committed to introducing or further developing professional training and capacity-building activities for law-enforcement, prosecution and judicial officials dealing with hate crimes. ODIHR stands ready to support United Kingdom in meeting its relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and tailored capacity building assistance for police, prosecution, and judiciary.

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Contact Us

Email tndinfo@odihr.pl
Tel +48 22 520 06 00
Fax +48 22 520 06 05
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Department
Ul. Miodowa 10
00-251
Warsaw, Poland

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