United Kingdom
The United Kingdom regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. The United Kingdom's hate crime laws are a combination of general penalty enhancement provisions and substantive offences. In England and Wales, hate crime data are collected and published by the Home Office, based on police data submissions. Prosecution data is collected and published by the Crown Prosecution Service. The Crime Survey of England and Wales includes regular victimization surveys to measure unreported hate crimes. In Northern Ireland, hate crime data are collected by the Police Service of Northern Ireland and the Public Prosecution Service for Northern Ireland. In Scotland, data are collected by the Procurator Fiscal and Police Scotland. Police and prosecution data, which cover the reporting period from April to March of the following year, are regularly published.
OFFICIAL DATA
Year | Hate crimes recorded by police | Prosecuted | Sentenced |
---|---|---|---|
2020 | 125,848 | 16,824 | 9,510 |
2019 | 106,672 | 14,058 | 9,340 |
2018 | 111,076 | 18,055 | 10,817 |
2017 | 95,552 | 14,535 | 11,987 |
2016 | 80,763 | 20,321 | Not available |
2015 | 62518 | 21300 | 13103 |
2014 | 52853 | 4872 | 549 |
2013 | 47986 | 19689 | 12353 |
2012 | 47676 | 19205 | 10794 |
2011 | 50688 | 19802 | 12651 |
2010 | 53946 | 19342 | 11405 |
2009 | 58692 | 13030 | 10690 |
About 2014 Data
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Police data include recorded hate crimes in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and do not include figures for Scotland. Prosecution data are not yet available for England and Wales. Prosecution data breakdown is as follows: 241 in Northern Ireland and 4,631 in Scotland. Data on sentencing only include Northern Ireland. All data cover the period from April 2014 to March 2015.
Incidents reported by civil society, international organizations and the Holy See
INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
KEY OBSERVATION
ODIHR observes that the United Kingdom has met most OSCE commitments on hate crime data collection and reporting. ODIHR further observes that data on certain OSCE-mandated bias motivations – although recorded - have not been reported to ODIHR.