Estonia
Estonia reported hate crime data to ODIHR for the 2022 Hate Crime Report.
The Ministry of Justice is responsible for collecting hate crime data. The main strategy that addresses hate crime is the "Internal security development plan 2020-2030 (Siseturvalisuse arengukava 2020–2030)."
The Estonian Human Rights Centre, a major civil society organization (CSO) working on hate crimes in Estonia, is engaged in raising awareness, co-operation between CSOs and the state, and lobbying for more effective laws and policies.
In 2017, ODIHR organized a workshop on understanding and improving hate crime recording and data collection and also implemented its Training against Hate Crimes for Law Enforcement (TAHCLE) programme in Estonia. In 2022, ODIHR organized an online workshop to assess national structures and services for hate crime victim support in Estonia, which resulted in a number of recommendations issued to the Estonian authorities.
OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES
| Year | Hate crimes recorded by police | Prosecuted | Sentenced |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2022 | 13 | Not available | Not available |
| 2021 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2020 | 3 | Not available | Not available |
| 2019 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2018 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2017 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2016 | 15 | Not available | Not available |
| 2015 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2014 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2013 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2012 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2011 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2010 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
| 2009 | 2 | Not available | Not available |
Hate crime recorded by police
KEY OBSERVATION
ODIHR notes that Estonia has not reported hate crime data to ODIHR since 2020. In addition, ODIHR observes that Estonia would benefit from reviewing its existing legal framework to ensure that bias motivations can be effectively acknowledged and appropriate penalties can be imposed on the perpetrators.
ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, OSCE participating States committed to periodically reporting to ODIHR reliable information and statistics on hate crimes. Participating States also committed to enacting specific, tailored legislation to combat hate crimes, providing for effective penalties that take into account the gravity of such crimes. ODIHR stands ready to support Estonia in meeting its relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection, as well as by providing further legislative guidance and advice.
INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY
Anti-Christian hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-06 | Attacks against property | OIDAC
|
Show info |
Anti-LGBTI hate crime
| Date | Type of incident | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-06 | Violent attacks against people | Estonian LGBT Association
|
Show info |
| 2021-06 | Violent attacks against people | Estonian LGBT Association
|
Show info |
| 2021-07 | Threats | Estonian LGBT Association
|
Show info |
INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
Gender-based hate crime, Anti-LGBTI hate crime
The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) published relevant recommendations in its "ECRI report on Estonia (sixth monitoring cycle)".