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Russian Federation

The Russian Federation's Criminal Code contains general and specific penalty enhancement provisions and substantive offences. The authorities responsible for collecting data are the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Prosecutor's Office and the Statistical Office.

How hate crime data is collected in Russian Federation

How hate crime data is collected in Russian Federation

The registration of acts motivated by extremism is carried out by law enforcement agencies according to the general rules for registering all crimes. Information is entered onto statistical cards used for registering crimes by the information centres of departments of internal affairs in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The Chief Information Analytical Centre of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is responsible for then collecting and revising the statistical information submitted by the information centres.

The statistical cards include a file for motives. Possible motives include: hostility, hate and reprisals on the basis of race, nationality, religion, ideology and political or social affiliation. The sampling and the entry of basic information about the committed acts onto forms used to record federal state statistics (on the identification of a perpetrator and the results of an investigation) is conducted according to the data provided on the card and based on the list of extremist crimes. Data on extremism offences can be found on the criminal statistics website of the Office of the General Prosecutor.

Prosecuting authorities do not register crimes. Prosecutors, as mandated by the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, ensure adherence to the rule of law during the detection, investigation or prosecution of a criminal offence, including for the categories of crime mentioned above.

Access more information at the Legislation Online website Legislationline TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

SELECT YEAR

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OFFICIAL DATA

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2019 585 368 320
2018 576 958 852
2017 52 755 692
2016 1450 993 676
2015 Not available Not available Not available
2014 Not available Not available Not available
2013 Not available Not available Not available
2012 Not available Not available Not available
2011 Not available Not available Not available
2010 Not available Not available Not available
2009 Not available Not available Not available

Incidents reported by civil society, international organizations and the Holy See

TOTAL 336 INCIDENTS
Download incident data

Reports

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

The Moscow Protestant Chaplaincy reported ten physical assaults, including two carried out by a group and two causing serious injury, and one threat. All of the victims were men of African descent. One man was assaulted twice in the space of six months.

The SOVA Centre for Information and Analysis reported 97 victims of ethnically motivated attacks. These included 12 murders of people from Central Asia, including one where a victim died in hospital from injuries sustained during an attack carried out by a group against at least eight people in a restaurant; 23 physical assaults, also against people from Central Asia, 3 murders and 14 physical assaults against people from the Caucasus region; 13 physical assaults against people of African descent; and physical assaults against six Palestinian people, five Russian people, two Japanese people, one Bangladeshi person and one Chinese person. SOVA reported a further two cases of damage to property carried out by a group in which shops and produce owned by migrants were destroyed, and one incident in which photographs of the homes of migrant workers, along with their names and addresses, were posted on the Internet.

read more ›

Anti-Roma hate crime

The SOVA Centre for Information and Analysis reported four physical assaults against Roma people.

read more ›

Anti-Semitic hate crime

The SOVA Centre for Information and Analysis, the Kantor Center and the Euro-Asian Jewish Congress (EAJC) reported a physical assault against a Jewish man. SOVA and the EAJC reported one further incident of vandalism on a synagogue. SOVA reported four further incidents of the vandalization of Jewish sites. The EAJC reported seven additional incidents of anti-Semitic graffiti.

read more ›

Anti-Muslim hate crime

The SOVA Centre for Information and Analysis reported one physical assault against a Muslim woman, seven incidents of damage to property and three arson attacks.

read more ›

Hate crime against Christians and members of other religions

The SOVA Centre for Information and Analysis reported 11 physical assaults on Jehovah's Witnesses, 17 incidents of vandalism, eight of which were on Orthodox sites and eight on buildings owned by Jehovah's Witnesses. SOVA also reported two arson attacks on Orthodox sites.

read more ›

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

The Russian LGBT Network and the LGBT Initiative Group "Coming Out" reported the murder of a man perceived by his attackers as gay, and three physical assaults causing serious injuries and involving robberies, one of which was carried out by a group. In addition, the Russian LGBT Network and "Coming Out" reported four physical assaults causing serious injuries, one of which involved the kidnapping and rape of a gay man, seven incidents of physical assaults, and five incidents of physical assaults carried out by groups. The Russian LGBT Network and "Coming Out" reported a further 15 physical assaults causing serious injuries carried out by groups specifically targeting members of the LGBT community.

The Russian LGBT Network,  "Coming Out" and the SOVA Center for Information and Analysis also reported a physical assault on the metro causing serious injury to two women perceived to be lesbians. The Russian LGBT Network, "Coming Out," SOVA and Human Rights Watch reported an attack by a group forcibly attempting to enter an LGBT event during which a security guard was pelted with eggs. The Russian LGBT Network, "Coming Out" and Human Rights Watch reported a group seriously disrupting an LGBT event by attempting to enter forcibly, physically assaulting participants and spraying disinfectant on them.

The Russian LGBT Network and "Coming Out" also reported two incidents of damage to property, one arson attack, one incident of theft, in which a man was locked out of his flat and denied access to his belongings after his sexual orientation was discovered, and four incidents of threats.

SOVA reported five more physical assaults causing injuries by groups, including an attack on a school group dressed in kilts in celebration of St. Patrick's Day, who were perceived to be from the LGBT community, and one incident in which a group attempted to forcibly remove a flag from an LGBT activist.

Human Rights Watch reported a series of incidents in which gay men were physically and sexually assaulted by a group. In one case, urine was poured over the victim’s head. The incidents were filmed and posted online. Human Rights Watch reported a further physical assault carried out by a group against a gay man, four incidents of threats, one of which was a bomb threat and the other three against LGBT activists.

World Without Nazism reported three murders; ten physical assaults, including one causing serious injuries and one carried out by a group; and three incidents of attacks carried out by groups against LGBT rallies.

read more ›

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reported that the civil society group Civic Assistance produced and released over 2,000 leaflets to raise awareness about their hotline for hate crime victims.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR observes that the Russian Federation has not periodically reported reliable information and statistics on hate crimes to ODIHR.

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2020 Call for Civil Society Submissions

15 Feb 2021
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2019 Hate Crime Data Now Available!

29 Jan 2021
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FAQ.png

2019 Hate Crime Data: Frequently Asked Questions

16 Nov 2020
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ODIHR's impact in 2019: Supporting a diagnostic approach to hate crime data collection

27 May 2020
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OSCE/Mavjuda Gaffurova

ODIHR's impact in 2019: Understanding gender, intersectionality and hate crime

22 Apr 2020
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(OSCE/Maria Kokce)

ODIHR's impact in 2019: Building a civil society coalition against hate crime

03 Apr 2020
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2018 Hate Crime Data Now Available!

15 Nov 2019
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Обзор преступлений на почве ненависти за 2018 год

15 Nov 2019
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2018 Hate Crime Data: Frequently Asked Questions

15 Nov 2019
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New study reveals scale of underreporting of hate incidents in Poland

13 May 2019

Contact Us

Email tndinfo@odihr.pl
Tel +48 22 520 06 00
Fax +48 22 520 06 05
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Department
Ul. Miodowa 10
00-251
Warsaw, Poland

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