Gender-based hate crime

Gender-based hate crimes are criminal offences motivated by bias against a person's gender, which means that the offender selected her or his target based on the victim's gender, or demonstrated hostility towards it throughout the attack.
Hate crimes and incidents reported to ODIHR can be motivated by a single bias, in which the target was selected solely due to her or his sex or gender, or by multiple biases, in which bias based on sex intersects with another protected characteristic, such as disability, ethnic origin, race or religion. A number of the incidents reported to ODIHR also include those committed with bias by association against women's organizations, events and individuals.

The OSCE participating States have recognized the importance of addressing equality between men and women and committed themselves to endorse the OSCE Action Plan for the Promotion of Gender Equality of 2004. The same year, hate crimes motivated by sex have been mentioned for the first time in the OSCE ministerial council decision.
ODIHR has reported on "sex-based hate crimes" since 2013, changing the name of the category to "gender-based hate crimes" in 2021. The reporting is based on official statistics on sex and gender-based hate crimes submitted by some OSCE participating States. Efforts to form targeted policies to address gender-based hate crimes are hampered by under-reporting. For example, only nine states reported on gender-based hate crimes in 2019. Furthermore, the majority of gender-based hate crime victims do not report their experiences, highlighting the challenge posed by under-recording.

TANDIS

Overview of incidents reported by other sources

Violent attacks against people Threats Attacks against property Total
140 49 19 208

Date Country Type of incident Source Description
2020 Turkey Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people "Coming Out" LGBT Group Show info
2020 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC) Show info
2020 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC), Pink Armenia Show info
2020 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC) Show info
2020 Ukraine Threats "Insight" Public Organization Show info
2020 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Russian LGBT Network Show info
2020 Spain Violent attacks against people Muslim Human Rights Association Show info
2020 Spain Violent attacks against people Muslim Human Rights Association Show info
2020 United States of America Attacks against property Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-01 Moldova Violent attacks against people GenderDoc-M Show info
2020-01 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC) Show info
2020-01 United States of America Violent attacks against people Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-01 United States of America Threats Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-01 United States of America Attacks against property Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-01 United States of America Violent attacks against people Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-01 Serbia Threats Association Da se zna! Show info
2020-01 Hungary Attacks against property Action and Protection Foundation (TEV) Show info
2020-01 Russian Federation Threats SOVA Center Show info
2020-01 Italy Threats Lunaria Show info
2020-01 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-01 Poland Threats "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-01 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-01 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-02 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC) Show info
2020-02 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC) Show info
2020-02 Czech Republic Threats Federation of Jewish Communities in the Czech Republic Show info
2020-02 Italy Violent attacks against people Gay Center/Gay Helpline Show info
2020-02 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-02 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-02 Turkey Violent attacks against people Red Umbrella Sexual Health and Human Rights Association, Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-02 Italy Violent attacks against people Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-02 Kazakhstan Threats Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-02 Georgia Violent attacks against people Women's Initiatives Supporting Group (WISG) Show info
2020-02 Turkey Violent attacks against people Red Umbrella Sexual Health and Human Rights Association, Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-02 Georgia Threats Women's Initiatives Supporting Group (WISG) Show info
2020-02 France Violent attacks against people Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-02 Georgia Attacks against property Women's Initiatives Supporting Group (WISG) Show info
2020-02 Russian Federation Threats SOVA Center Show info
2020-02 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Moscow LGBT Initiative Group "Stimul" Show info
2020-02 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-02 Lithuania Violent attacks against people European Foundation of Human Rights (EFHR), Lithuanian Gay League (LGL) Show info
2020-03 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-03 Italy Threats Gay Center/Gay Helpline Show info
2020-03 Ukraine Violent attacks against people LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2020-03 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-03 Russian Federation Threats National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-03 Ukraine Violent attacks against people "Insight" Public Organization Show info
2020-03 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Kyrgyz Indigo, Labrys Kyrgyzstan Show info
2020-03 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Kyrgyz Indigo, Labrys Kyrgyzstan Show info
2020-03 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people SOVA Center Show info
2020-03 United States of America Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-03 Poland Threats "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-03 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-03 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association, Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-03 Kazakhstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-03 United States of America Threats OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-03 United States of America Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-04 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC) Show info
2020-04 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people "Coming Out" LGBT Group Show info
2020-04 Uzbekistan Violent attacks against people Eurasian Coalition on Health, Rights, Gender and Sexual Diversity, Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-04 Ukraine Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights, OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine Show info
2020-05 Italy Threats Gay Center/Gay Helpline Show info
2020-05 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-05 Hungary Attacks against property Action and Protection Foundation (TEV) Show info
2020-05 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-05 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-05 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-05 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Kyrgyz Indigo Show info
2020-05 Hungary Attacks against property Action and Protection Foundation (TEV) Show info
2020-06 United States of America Threats Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-06 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-06 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Russian LGBT Network Show info
2020-06 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-06 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-06 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-06 Switzerland Violent attacks against people LGBT+ Helpline Show info
2020-06 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Labrys Kyrgyzstan Show info
2020-06 Georgia Violent attacks against people Women's Initiatives Supporting Group (WISG) Show info
2020-06 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Kyrgyz Indigo, Labrys Kyrgyzstan Show info
2020-06 Ukraine Violent attacks against people OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine Show info
2020-06 Croatia Threats UNHCR Show info
2020-06 France Threats SPCJ Show info
2020-06 Ukraine Violent attacks against people "Insight" Public Organization, LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2020-06 Uzbekistan Violent attacks against people Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-06 Spain Violent attacks against people Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) Show info
2020-06 Netherlands Violent attacks against people Turkish Forum Netherlands Show info
2020-06 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC), Pink Armenia Show info
2020-07 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-07 United States of America Violent attacks against people Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-07 Kazakhstan Threats Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-07 Czech Republic Threats In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-07 Germany Violent attacks against people Inssan Show info
2020-07 United Kingdom Threats Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND) Show info
2020-07 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Moscow LGBT Initiative Group "Stimul" Show info
2020-07 United Kingdom Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-07 Italy Violent attacks against people Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-07 Spain Threats FELGBT Show info
2020-07 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-07 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Eurasian Coalition on Health, Rights, Gender and Sexual Diversity Show info
2020-08 Armenia Threats Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC) Show info
2020-08 United States of America Attacks against property Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-08 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-08 Russian Federation Threats SOVA Center Show info
2020-08 France Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-08 Poland Threats OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-08 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Labrys Kyrgyzstan Show info
2020-08 Kyrgyzstan Threats Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-08 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights, Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-08 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-08 Poland Threats "Never Again" Association, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-08 Portugal Violent attacks against people Portuguese Association for Victim Support (APAV) Show info
2020-08 Austria Attacks against property OIDAC Show info
2020-08 Austria Attacks against property RKL Show info
2020-08 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-08 Poland Threats "Never Again" Association, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-08 Greece Violent attacks against people Racist Violence Recording Network (RVRN) Show info
2020-08 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people SOVA Center Show info
2020-08 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people ECDD Show info
2020-08 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association, Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-08 Bosnia and Herzegovina Violent attacks against people OSCE Mission to Bosnia And Herzegovina Show info
2020-08 Ukraine Attacks against property "Insight" Public Organization Show info
2020-09 Russian Federation Threats Moscow LGBT Initiative Group "Stimul" Show info
2020-09 Armenia Violent attacks against people Non-Discrimination and Equality Coalition Armenia (NDEC), Pink Armenia Show info
2020-09 Ukraine Attacks against property "Insight" Public Organization Show info
2020-09 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-09 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-09 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-09 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people SOVA Center Show info
2020-09 Ukraine Attacks against property "Insight" Public Organization Show info
2020-09 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-09 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-09 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-09 Greece Violent attacks against people Racist Violence Recording Network (RVRN) Show info
2020-09 Kyrgyzstan Threats Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-09 Russian Federation Threats SOVA Center Show info
2020-09 Spain Violent attacks against people Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-09 Czech Republic Threats In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-09 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-09 Ukraine Threats Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-09 Kyrgyzstan Threats Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-09 France Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-09 Ukraine Violent attacks against people "Insight" Public Organization, LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2020-09 Spain Violent attacks against people Union of Islamic Communities of Spain Show info
2020-09 Greece Violent attacks against people METAdrasi - Action for Migration and Development Show info
2020-09 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-09 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Italy Violent attacks against people Gay Center/Gay Helpline Show info
2020-10 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-10 Spain Threats FELGBT Show info
2020-10 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-10 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-10 Ukraine Violent attacks against people LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2020-10 Ukraine Violent attacks against people LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2020-10 Switzerland Violent attacks against people LGBT+ Helpline Show info
2020-10 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Ukraine Attacks against property "Insight" Public Organization, NGO "Alliance.Global" Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights, Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Attacks against property "Never Again" Association, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Greece Violent attacks against people Racist Violence Recording Network (RVRN) Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-10 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-11 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Transgender Europe (TGEU) Show info
2020-11 United States of America Attacks against property Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-11 United States of America Attacks against property Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-11 Tajikistan Threats Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-11 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-11 Spain Violent attacks against people FELGBT Show info
2020-11 Kyrgyzstan Threats Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-11 Poland Attacks against property Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-11 Poland Threats "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-11 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-11 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-11 Germany Violent attacks against people MANEO Show info
2020-11 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-11 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-11 Spain Threats FELGBT Show info
2020-11 United Kingdom Violent attacks against people Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND) Show info
2020-12 United States of America Attacks against property Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Show info
2020-12 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-12 United Kingdom Violent attacks against people Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND) Show info
2020-12 Ukraine Threats NGO "Alliance.Global" Show info
2020-12 Kyrgyzstan Threats Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-12 Ukraine Violent attacks against people LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2020-12 Poland Threats Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2020-12 Ukraine Violent attacks against people "Insight" Public Organization, LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2020-12 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2020-12 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2020-12 Ukraine Attacks against property "Insight" Public Organization Show info

International Reports

Austria

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-seventh session: Compilation on Austria."

Belgium

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-eight session: Compilation on Belgium."

Denmark

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-eight session: Compilation on Denmark."

Estonia

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-eight session: Compilation on Estonia."

Greece

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-ninth session: Compilation on Greece."

Kyrgyzstan

The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) published relevant recommendations in its "Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Kyrgyzstan".

Portugal

The Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe published relevant recommendations in her "Memorandum on combating racism and violence against women in Portugal."

Russian Federation

The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) published relevant recommendations in its "Concluding observations on the tenth periodic report of the Russian Federation".

Tajikistan

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-ninth session: Compilation on Tajikistan."