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Türkiye

Türkiye

Türkiye regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. Türkiye implemented ODIHR's Training against Hate Crime for Law Enforcement (TAHCLE) programme following a memorandum of understanding signed in 2016. The government currently implements a Human Rights Action Plan launched in 2021, which includes objectives dedicated to addressing hate crime in the country, including providing support to victims. 

Hate crime data collection in Türkiye
Support for hate crime victims in Türkiye
Hate crime capacity building in Türkiye
Türkiye's hate crime legislation
TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

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Download the 2023 hate crime report for Türkiye

OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2023 93 476 260
2022 175 263 246
2021 87 210 374
2020 70 213 258
2019 79 248 319
2018 - 1983 589
2017 13 1967 500
2016 14 1455 290
2015 Not available 810 272
2014 Not available 658 202
2013 Not available 535 334
2012 Not available 497 158
2011 Not available 628 17
2010 6 330 297
2009 3 250 242

About 2023 Data

    The numbers in this table relate only to criminal offences constituting threats and damage to places of worship and cemeteries (Articles 115 and 153 of the Criminal Code).

Hate crime recorded by police

The numbers in this table relate only to criminal offences constituting threats and damage to places of worship and cemeteries (Articles 115 and 153 of the Criminal Code). 

  • By bias motivation
  • By type of crime
Download official data
Download official data

National developments

On 1 November 2023, the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye approved new policy measures for 2024-2028 to monitor discrimination and hatred. The measures include the creation of a database to allow for the collection of statistics on criminal offences and misdemeanours involving hate and discrimination.

The topic of "Refugees and Hate Speech" was included in the criminal module of the in-service training programmes for judges and public prosecutors. The programmes are organized within the scope of a project on "Access to Justice for Asylum Seekers and Refugees",  implemented by the Turkish Justice Academy and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. In 2023, 121 judges and public prosecutors participated in the criminal law programme of the regional trainings organized as part of the project.

In January 2023, a Roma Coordination Centre was established within the Ministry of Interior to support Roma citizens' access to education, health, employment, housing, social services and assistance. 

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR recognizes Türkiye's efforts to report hate crime data and information to ODIHR. However, based on the available information, ODIHR observes that Türkiye's law enforcement agencies have not recorded the bias motivations of hate crimes. In addition, ODIHR also observes that Türkiye would benefit from reviewing the existing legal framework to ensure that bias motivations can be effectively acknowledged and appropriate penalties imposed on the perpetrators.

ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, OSCE participating States committed to promptly investigating hate crimes and ensuring that the motives of those convicted of hate crimes are acknowledged. To that end, law enforcement must first record the bias motivations of hate crimes. Participating States also committed to enacting specific, tailored legislation to combat hate crimes, providing for effective penalties that take into account the gravity of such crimes. ODIHR stands ready to support Türkiye in meeting the relevant commitments through its comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection, as well as by providing further resources and tailored legislative advice.


Our methodology

INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY

  • Total Incidents
  • Targeted properties
  • Type of property attacks

🛈 Please note that the total number of incidents may be lower than the sum of incidents presented in the breakdown chart above, as some incidents involve multiple bias motivations.

🛈 ODIHR no longer presents descriptions of property attacks in the incident tables below. Data on property attacks are presented in the breakdown charts above. One property attack may target multiple properties or involve multiple types of attack.

🛈 Please note that the total number of incidents may be lower than the sum of incidents presented in the breakdown chart above, as some incidents involve multiple bias motivations.

🛈 ODIHR no longer presents descriptions of property attacks in the incident tables below. Data on property attacks are presented in the breakdown charts above. One property attack may target multiple properties or involve multiple types of attack.

🛈 Please note that the total number of incidents may be lower than the sum of incidents presented in the breakdown chart above, as some incidents involve multiple bias motivations.

🛈 ODIHR no longer presents descriptions of property attacks in the incident tables below. Data on property attacks are presented in the breakdown charts above. One property attack may target multiple properties or involve multiple types of attack.

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-08 Threats/Harassment
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-01 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-04 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-03 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-12 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-12 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-12 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-03 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-12 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-06 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-06 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-09 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-07 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-12 Threats/Harassment
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-05 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-04 Threats/Harassment
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-04 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-03 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-04 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-03 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-10 Threats/Harassment
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-08 Threats/Harassment
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-04 Threats/Harassment
Association of Protestant Churches
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-02 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-02 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Human Rights Association
Show info

Anti-Roma hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-12 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-07 Violent attacks against people
European Roma Rights Center (ERRC)
Show info
2023-06 Violent attacks against people
European Roma Rights Center (ERRC)
Show info
2023 Threats/Harassment
European Roma Rights Center (ERRC)
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
European Roma Rights Center (ERRC)
Show info
2023-02 Violent attacks against people
European Roma Rights Center (ERRC)
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
European Roma Rights Center (ERRC)
Show info
2023-02 Violent attacks against people
European Roma Rights Center (ERRC)
Show info

Anti-Semitic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-08 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-11 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-03 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-03 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-05 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Human Rights Association
Show info

Anti-Christian hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-10 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-12 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-08 Threats/Harassment
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-01 Threats/Harassment
Association of Protestant Churches
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-04 Threats/Harassment
Association of Protestant Churches
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-09 Threats/Harassment
Association of Protestant Churches
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-11 Threats/Harassment
Association of Protestant Churches
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info

Gender-based hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-01 Violent attacks against people
Transgender Europe (TGEU)
Show info
2023-01 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-03 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-03 Threats/Harassment
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-07 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
Freedom of Belief Initiative (Norwegian Helsinki Committee)
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-06 Threats/Harassment
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-01 Violent attacks against people
Transgender Europe (TGEU)
Show info
2023-01 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-03 Threats/Harassment
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-03 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-07 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
London Legal Group (LLG)
Show info
2023-08 Violent attacks against people
Human Rights Association
Show info
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023-06 Threats/Harassment
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

No information is available.

Contact Us

Email tndinfo@odihr.pl
Tel +48 22 520 06 00
Fax +48 22 520 06 05
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Department
Ul. Miodowa 10
00-251
Warsaw, Poland

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