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France

France regularly reports hate crime data to ODIHR. Since 2012, DILCRAH has served as an inter-ministerial body and platform for co-operation to address hate crime, including through research and financial support to civil society organizations (CSOs). DILCRAH, along with a number of CSOs, is also involved in the training of judges and prosecutors, as well as police officers and gendarmes. The Central Office for Combating Crimes against Humanity and Hate Crimes (OCLCH) is an inter-agency body composed of police officers and gendarmes that is responsible for leading and coordinating the fight against crimes against humanity and hate crimes, assisting and supporting local units in this area, acting as the national contact point for both units and external entities, investigating, providing expertise and preparing threat assessments in its area of responsibility. 

Hate crime data are regularly published by the Ministry of Interior. France conducts regular surveys on hate crime victimization to measure unreported hate crimes.

Hate crime data collection in France
Support for hate crime victims in France
Hate crime capacity building in France
France's hate crime legislation
TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

SELECT YEAR

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Download the 2023 hate crime report for France

OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2023 6,211 1,557 1,736
2022 3,807 469 355
2021 3,443 486 425
2020 2672 - -
2019 2640 - -
2018 1838 - 252
2017 1505 Not available 255
2016 1835 Not available 583
2015 1790 Not available Not available
2014 1662 Not available 554
2013 1765 579 Not available
2012 2357 604 550
2011 Not available Not available 431
2010 2 Not available 562
2009 Not available Not available 579

About 2023 Data

    The increase in numbers compared to previous years is the result of an update to the database of victims, offences and persons brought into formal contact with the police, as well as following an update in the methodology.

Hate crime recorded by police

  • By bias motivation
  • By type of crime
Download official data
Download official data

National developments

In 2023, the French government presented two national action plans. The National Action Plan to Combat Racism, Anti-Semitism and Discrimination on Grounds of Origin, 2023-2026, was developed jointly by the relevant ministries in consultation with independent administrative authorities (such as the National Consultative Commission on Human Rights (CNCDH), or the Defender of Rights), civil society organizations (CSOs) and memorial sites. 

The Plan is divided into five main lines of action, including 1) affirming the reality of racism, 2) measuring racism, anti-Semitism, and discrimination, 3) improving education for young people and training for adults, 4) strengthening penalties for offenders, and 5) supporting victims more effectively. Each of these lines of action is divided into strategic objectives accompanied by indicators that will be examined by a monitoring committee set up in March 2023 and made up of the relevant ministries and CSOs.

The National Action Plan for Equality, Against Anti-LGBT+ Hatred and Discrimination, 2023-2026, was developed jointly by the relevant ministries following consultations with independent administrative authorities, CSOs, and LGBT+ centres. It is also divided into five main lines of action, including 1) naming the reality of LGBT-phobia, 2) improving monitoring of such acts, 3) guaranteeing effectiveness of rights, 4) sanctioning LGBT-phobic perpetrators, and 5) developing a European and international strategy. The implementation of this plan will also be exanimated by a monitoring committee.

In 2023, a network of relay trainers led by the Central Office for Combating Crimes against Humanity and Hate Crimes (OCLCH) was created within the gendarmerie. The network consists of around 100 gendarmes (judicial police officers) trained as investigators, with one gendarme representing each departmental gendarmerie group or overseas gendarmerie. The network gendarmes are responsible for the following: raising awareness among their colleagues of hate crime litigation (to date they have reached 18,000 gendarmes); supporting field units in terms of legal qualification and conducting hearings to help identify the motive; and supporting the group commander or representing them on local operational committees to combat racism, anti-Semitism and anti-LGBT hatred.

In December 2023, OCLCH organized a two-day seminar attended by officers from all French departments, including overseas, to create relay trainers in the fight against hate crimes.

In 2023, the "NeoHaine" application was implemented by the OCLCH as a tool to support French gendarmes when deciding how to record crimes. In April 2024, it was presented to all EU internal security forces, which have been brought together under the aegis of the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Training (CEPOL) and the European Commission's High Level Group on Combating Hate Crime and Hate Speech. 

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR recognizes France's efforts to introduce strategic policy frameworks to address discrimination and hate crime victimization of selected communities. ODIHR observes that France would benefit from enhancing its efforts to build the capacity of prosecutors and judges to prosecute and sentence hate crimes.

ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, OSCE participating States committed to collect reliable data and statistics on hate crimes in sufficient detail, and to report such data periodically to ODIHR. Participating States also committed to introduce or further develop professional training and capacity-building activities for law enforcement, prosecution, and judicial officials dealing with hate crimes. ODIHR stands ready to support France in meeting its relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection, as well as by providing further resources and tailored capacity-building assistance for police, prosecution, and judiciary.


Our methodology

INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY

  • Total Incidents
  • Targeted properties
  • Type of property attacks

🛈 Please note that the total number of incidents may be lower than the sum of incidents presented in the breakdown chart above, as some incidents involve multiple bias motivations.

🛈 ODIHR no longer presents descriptions of property attacks in the incident tables below. Data on property attacks are presented in the breakdown charts above. One property attack may target multiple properties or involve multiple types of attack.

🛈 Please note that the total number of incidents may be lower than the sum of incidents presented in the breakdown chart above, as some incidents involve multiple bias motivations.

🛈 ODIHR no longer presents descriptions of property attacks in the incident tables below. Data on property attacks are presented in the breakdown charts above. One property attack may target multiple properties or involve multiple types of attack.

🛈 Please note that the total number of incidents may be lower than the sum of incidents presented in the breakdown chart above, as some incidents involve multiple bias motivations.

🛈 ODIHR no longer presents descriptions of property attacks in the incident tables below. Data on property attacks are presented in the breakdown charts above. One property attack may target multiple properties or involve multiple types of attack.

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023-11 Threats/Harassment
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info

Anti-Muslim hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-05 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023-03 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023-10 Threats/Harassment
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023-11 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info
2023-11 Threats/Harassment
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info

Anti-Christian hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023-02 Threats/Harassment
OIDAC
Show info
2023-01 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-01 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-04 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-04 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-09 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-09 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-10 Violent attacks against people
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-12 Threats/Harassment
Jehovah's Witnesses
Show info
2023-03 Threats/Harassment
OIDAC
Show info
2023-06 Violent attacks against people
OIDAC
Show info
2023-11 Threats/Harassment
OIDAC
Show info
2023-02 Threats/Harassment
OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights
Show info

Gender-based hate crime

Date Type of incident Source Description
2023 Violent attacks against people
The Collective for Countering Islamophobia in Europe
Show info

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

No information is available.

Contact Us

Email tndinfo@odihr.pl
Tel +48 22 520 06 00
Fax +48 22 520 06 05
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Department
Ul. Miodowa 10
00-251
Warsaw, Poland

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