The data presented here includes information from the police database (SDI) and information gathered by the Observatory for Security against Acts of Discrimination (OSCAD). The breakdown below consists of: (i) SDI data covering the following bias motivations: "race/colour"; ethnicity; nationality; language; anti-Semitism; bias against Roma and Sinti; bias against Muslims; and bias against members of other religions; and (ii) OSCAD data on hate crimes motivated by bias against "sexual orientation and transgender identity" and bias against people with "disability".
In January 2020, a conference entitled "Victims of Hatred" was organized under the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, with the participation, among others, of the Minister of the Interior, the Minister for Equal Opportunities, and the Chief of Police-Director General of Public Security. Based on the conference, a paper entitled "When Hatred Becomes A Crime- Hate Crimes Characteristics and Legislation" was published in the official National Police (Polizia di Stato) monthly review "Polizia Moderna" of January 2020. The paper is an easy-to-read informative tool, to allow for better understanding of hate crimes, their characteristics and peculiarities, bias indicators, vulnerable victims, and relevant legislation (both national and international). The paper was also published in Italian and English on the websites of the Ministry of the Interior, the National Police and the Carabinieri Corps. Another paper entitled "Hatred of disabled people" addressing disability hate crimes was published in Polizia Moderna (October 2020 issue) and in Italian and English on the mentioned websites, as well as being disseminated among the Italian and international police forces and stakeholders.
In 2020, OSCAD further adapted of three training modules developed in the framework of the project "Facing all the facts" ("What a hate crime is", "Bias Indicators" and "Vulnerable victims") on the SISFOR (multi-agency) online platform. It also implemented a fourth module dedicated to ethnic-racial discriminatory profiling. The four modules constituted the teaching materials for a professional training day in 2021 ("When hatred becomes a crime") for all officers of the National Police, available through the mentioned SISFOR platform.
This category includes crimes registered in the SDI database and committed on the grounds of race/skin colour, ethnicity, bias against Roma and Sinti, nationality, language, anti-Semitism, bias against Muslims and bias against members of other religions.
This information is based on reports received by the Observatory for Security against Acts of Discrimination (OSCAD). Incidents included in the categories of sexual orientation (63) and gender identity (eight) were reported to ODIHR separately but are presented together here.
This information is based on reports received by the Observatory for Security against Acts of Discrimination (OSCAD) and is included in the SDI database.
ODIHR recognizes Italy's efforts in raising awareness among its police about hate crimes targeting groups that are not explicitly covered by the current criminal legislation, as well as the submitted information regarding police records. However, based on the available information, it observes that since 2018, Italy has not reported data on hate crimes recorded by the prosecution and judiciary to ODIHR. In addition, ODIHR observes that Italy would benefit from reviewing its existing legal framework in order to ensure that bias motivations can be effectively acknowledged and appropriate penalties can be imposed on the perpetrators.
ODIHR recalls that in the Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, participating States have committed to collecting reliable data and statistics in sufficient detail on hate crimes and to reporting such crimes periodically to ODIHR. In the Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, participating States have also committed to enacting specific, tailored legislation to combat hate crimes, providing for effective penalties that take into account the gravity of such crimes. ODIHR stands ready to support Italy in meeting its relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection, as well as further resources and tailored legislative advice.
In addition to incidents summarized below, this graph includes the following numbers of hate incidents reported as statistics: 35 reported by Observatory of Anti-Semitism; and 8 reported by Kantor Center.