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Польша

Польша регулярно предоставляет БДИПЧ данные о преступлениях на почве ненависти. В мониторинге и/или сборе данных о преступлениях на почве ненависти участвуют несколько государственных органов, в первую очередь полиция и прокуратура. Данные о преступлениях на почве ненависти регулярно публикуются.  

Как в полиции, так и в прокуратуре существует высокая степень специализации по преступлениям на почве ненависти. Было назначено более 100 прокуроров-специалистов по преступлениям на почве ненависти, а в 2014 году в полиции была создана сеть координаторов по преступлениям на почве ненависти. В 2015 году по запросу нижней палаты парламента БДИПЧ предоставило обзор законодательства в отношении предлагаемых изменений в Уголовный кодекс Польши, включая положения о преступлениях на почве ненависти. 

В 2023 году сотрудники полиции Польши приняли участие в трехдневном семинаре по подготовке инструкторов в рамках программы БДИПЧ  «Обучение сотрудников правоохранительных органов мерам борьбы с преступлениями на почве ненависти» (ОБПН). В 2018 году Министерство внутренних дел, БДИПЧ и Агентство ЕС по основным правам совместно организовали семинар по пониманию и совершенствованию регистрации преступлений на почве ненависти и сбору данных на основе программы БДИПЧ по содействию надлежащемy учету преступлений на почве ненависти и борьбе с ними (ИНФАКТ). В 2019 году БДИПЧ совместно с Уполномоченным по правам человека в Польше выпустило отчет о характере и масштабах незарегистрированных преступлений на почве ненависти в отношении представителей отдельных общин в Польше.

В настоящее время разрабатывается законопроект о внесении изменений в Уголовный кодекс, направленный на усиление уголовно-правовой защиты от дискриминационного поведения по признакам инвалидности, возраста, пола, сексуальной ориентации и гендерной идентичности.

Сбор данных о преступлениях на почве ненависти в Польше (анг.)
Поддержка жертв преступлений на почве ненависти в Польше (анг.)
Наращивание потенциала по борьбе с преступлениями на почве ненависти в Польше (анг.)
Законодательство в области преступлений на почве ненависти в Польше (анг.)
TANDIS Access more information at the Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Information System (TANDIS) website

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Download the 2013 hate crime report for Польша

OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES

Year Hate crimes recorded by police Prosecuted Sentenced
2023 893 386 296
2022 1,180 440 312
2021 997 466 339
2020 826 374 266
2019 972 432 597
2018 1117 397 315
2017 886 320 260
2016 874 281 236
2015 263 229 195
2014 778 179 127
2013 757 116 53
2012 266 76 39
2011 222 43 24
2010 251 30 28
2009 194 29 27

About 2013 Data

    Two sets of data are reported to ODIHR: The overall number of hate crimes is provided by the police and disaggregated by the type of crime, but not by bias motivation (presented in the “unspecified” bias motivation section below). The Ministry of the Interior reports a number of hate crimes disaggregated by bias motivation, but not by the type of crime. Most of the cases recorded by the Ministry of the Interior are included in the overall figure (although due to technical limitations, these are also displayed separately below). Reported data include crimes of incitement to hatred.

Hate crime recorded by police

  • By bias motivation
  • By type of crime
Download official data
Download official data

National developments

The Polish Police continued to provide training for police officers on hate crimes delivered as part of ODIHR’s TAHCLE programme. In 2013, on recommendation of the Ministry of Interior, the management of police units was included in the training programme.

In July 2013, the Prosecutor General designated two district prosecutor’s offices per region to lead investigations into hate crimes committed in the respective region. In each of the designated district offices, two prosecutors were put in charge of these investigations. In September, 96 of these specialized prosecutors received training on hate crimes.

In February 2013, the Council for the Prevention of Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance was established to co-ordinate the government’s activities in preventing racial discrimination, xenophobia and related discrimination. In November 2013, the Council adopted a Framework Programme. The Council will be collecting information about events associated with a high level of risk in the context of intolerance directed against representatives of national and ethnic minorities.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR observes that Poland has not reported on hate crimes separately from cases of hate speech.

Incidents reported by civil society, international organizations and the Holy See

Reports

Racist and xenophobic hate crime

The Never Again Association reported 18 physical assaults, nine of which resulted in serious injury and six of which were carried out by groups. Victims included individuals from Bulgaria, Egypt, Guinea, the Russian Federation (including two women and a child of Chechen origin), Sierra Leone, Sudan and Ukraine, as well as a man of Vietnamese origin. The Association also reported a further three arson attacks, including two against Chechen families and one against the home of a man of Indian origin, his Polish wife and her parents; seven incidents of graffiti, including on an African restaurant in Warsaw, two on a German Minority Association centre in Siemianowice Śląskie and one on the apartment of a mixed Polish and African family; one incident of threats; and three incidents of damage to property, including a series of incidents against a Turkish kebab shop and the desecration of a Greek Catholic church in Trzebiatów. World Without Nazism reported one arson attack against the home of a Chechen family.

read more ›

Anti-Semitic hate crime

The Never Again Association and the Foundation for the Preservation of Jewish Heritage in Poland reported one incident of the desecration of a cemetery and one incident of graffiti. The Never Again Association and World Without Nazism reported one incident of graffiti. The Never Again Association reported a further six incidents of the desecration of Jewish cemeteries, including one incident where most of the tombstones in the cemetery were destroyed, and a further four incidents of graffiti, including two on synagogues. World Without Nazism reported one incident of threats; one attempted physical assault against an Orthodox Jewish man; six incidents of the desecration of Jewish cemeteries; four incidents of the desecration of synagogues; and 11 incidents of graffiti and one incident of the desecration of a Holocaust memorial.

read more ›

Anti-Muslim hate crime

The Never Again Association reported a series of physical assaults, which also involved anti-Muslim and racist insults, against two men and two women in a restaurant owned by Syrians. The organization also reported one arson attack against a mosque and two incidents of graffiti, one on a mosque and the other on a shop. World Without Nazism reported an arson attack against a mosque.

read more ›

Hate crime against Christians and members of other religions

The Never Again Association reported one incident of the desecration of a place of worship, also involving an anti-Semitic bias. It also reported one incident of graffiti, which also involved a racist or xenophobic bias.

read more ›

Anti-LGBTI hate crime

The Campaign Against Homophobia reported 34 physical assaults, including 20 physical assaults resulting in serious injuries, one arson attack, three incidents of damage to property and 82 threats. The Never Again Association reported four physical assaults, including one assault resulting in serious injury against a gay man who subsequently required hospital treatment; one attack by a group against LGBT activists, with one victim suffering a broken rib; an attack against a gay couple on the metro; and a series of physical assaults against organizers of gay pride events, in which perpetrators threw eggs and bags filled with water. The association also reported one case of graffiti on the apartment of a transgender woman; one case of the vandalism of a permanent outdoor art installation in Warsaw; and a smoke grenade attack against a building hosting a film event on LGBTI issues. World Without Nazism reported one physical assault.

read more ›

Anti-Roma hate crime

The Never Again Association reported three physical assaults carried out by groups, including one against children and a teacher who was trying to protect them; an attack against a Roma family’s home that involved tear gas and caused damage to windows; and an attack against two Roma women and a child. The Association also reported one threat, an incident of incitement to violence and two incidents of graffiti.

read more ›

INTERNATIONAL REPORTS

No information is available.

Свяжитесь с нами

Электронная почта tndinfo@odihr.pl
Телефон +48 22 520 06 00
Факс +48 22 520 06 05
Бюро ОБСЕ по демократическим институтам и правам человека (БДИПЧ)
Департамент по толерантности и недискриминации
Ул. Miodowa 10
00-251
Варшава, Польша

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