Польша
Польша регулярно предоставляет БДИПЧ данные о преступлениях на почве ненависти. В мониторинге и/или сборе данных о преступлениях на почве ненависти участвуют несколько государственных органов, в первую очередь полиция и прокуратура. Данные о преступлениях на почве ненависти регулярно публикуются.
Как в полиции, так и в прокуратуре существует высокая степень специализации по преступлениям на почве ненависти. Было назначено более 100 прокуроров-специалистов по преступлениям на почве ненависти, а в 2014 году в полиции была создана сеть координаторов по преступлениям на почве ненависти. В 2015 году по запросу нижней палаты парламента БДИПЧ предоставило обзор законодательства в отношении предлагаемых изменений в Уголовный кодекс Польши, включая положения о преступлениях на почве ненависти.
В 2023 году сотрудники полиции Польши приняли участие в трехдневном семинаре по подготовке инструкторов в рамках программы БДИПЧ «Обучение сотрудников правоохранительных органов мерам борьбы с преступлениями на почве ненависти» (ОБПН). В 2018 году Министерство внутренних дел, БДИПЧ и Агентство ЕС по основным правам совместно организовали семинар по пониманию и совершенствованию регистрации преступлений на почве ненависти и сбору данных на основе программы БДИПЧ по содействию надлежащемy учету преступлений на почве ненависти и борьбе с ними (ИНФАКТ). В 2019 году БДИПЧ совместно с Уполномоченным по правам человека в Польше выпустило отчет о характере и масштабах незарегистрированных преступлений на почве ненависти в отношении представителей отдельных общин в Польше.
В настоящее время разрабатывается законопроект о внесении изменений в Уголовный кодекс, направленный на усиление уголовно-правовой защиты от дискриминационного поведения по признакам инвалидности, возраста, пола, сексуальной ориентации и гендерной идентичности.
OFFICIAL DATA REPORTED BY STATES
| Year | Hate crimes recorded by police | Prosecuted | Sentenced |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 893 | 386 | 296 |
| 2022 | 1,180 | 440 | 312 |
| 2021 | 997 | 466 | 339 |
| 2020 | 826 | 374 | 266 |
| 2019 | 972 | 432 | 597 |
| 2018 | 1117 | 397 | 315 |
| 2017 | 886 | 320 | 260 |
| 2016 | 874 | 281 | 236 |
| 2015 | 263 | 229 | 195 |
| 2014 | 778 | 179 | 127 |
| 2013 | 757 | 116 | 53 |
| 2012 | 266 | 76 | 39 |
| 2011 | 222 | 43 | 24 |
| 2010 | 251 | 30 | 28 |
| 2009 | 194 | 29 | 27 |
About 2016 Data
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Police, prosecution and sentencing figures include cases of hate speech.
Hate crime recorded by police
The numbers presented here refer to police investigations initiated as hate crimes. The numbers also include incidents of hate speech, which are considered crimes under Polish penal law.
KEY OBSERVATION
ODIHR observes that Poland has not reported on hate crimes separately from cases of hate speech.
INCIDENTS REPORTED BY CIVIL SOCIETY
Racist and xenophobic hate crime
| Дата | ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА | Источник | Описание |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-12 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
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Show info |
| 2016-11 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | UNHCR in Poland
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Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-05 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-11 | Violent attacks against people | SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Violent attacks against people | UNHCR in Poland
|
Show info |
| 2016-05 | Violent attacks against people | UNHCR in Poland
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-04 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-01 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-05 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Attacks against property | UNHCR in Poland
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Show info |
| 2016-01 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-04 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
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Show info |
| 2016-11 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Threats | Open Dialog Foundation
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Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-03 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-07 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-11 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-11 | Threats | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-08 | Threats | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-11 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-01 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-05 | Violent attacks against people | UNHCR in Poland
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-08 | Violent attacks against people | SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-04 | Violent attacks against people | SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-03 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Threats | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
Anti-Roma hate crime
| Дата | ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА | Источник | Описание |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-05 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-04 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-05 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-08 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
Anti-Semitic hate crime
| Дата | ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА | Источник | Описание |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-05 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-12 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Attacks against property | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
Anti-Muslim hate crime
| Дата | ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА | Источник | Описание |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-05 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
SETA
UNHCR in Poland
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Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | SETA
UNHCR in Poland
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Show info |
| 2016-01 | Attacks against property | SETA
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | UNHCR in Poland
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
Anti-Christian hate crime
| Дата | ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА | Источник | Описание |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-12 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-05 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-06 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-05 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-01 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-05 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-12 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-09 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
|
Show info |
| 2016-01 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-02 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-11 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-04 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-08 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-10 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
|
Show info |
| 2016-10 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Attacks against property | Holy See
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Show info |
| 2016-02 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
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Show info |
| 2016-12 | Attacks against property | Ordo Iuris Institute
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Attacks against property | Jehovah's Witnesses
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Show info |
Anti-LGBTI hate crime
| Дата | ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА | Источник | Описание |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-06 | Attacks against property | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Attacks against property | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Attacks against property | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-03 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
ILGA-Europe
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-09 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-11 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-04 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-04 | Attacks against property | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-03 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-05 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-07 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-07 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-08 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-11 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-12 | Violent attacks against people | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-03 | Attacks against property | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
ILGA-Europe
Lambda Warsaw
UNHCR in Poland
|
Show info |
| 2016-06 | Violent attacks against people | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
| 2016-04 | Attacks against property | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
ILGA-Europe
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Threats | Campaign Against Homophobia (KPH)
Lambda Warsaw
|
Show info |
| 2016-02 | Threats | "Never Again" Association
|
Show info |
INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
Racist and xenophobic hate crime
In its "Concluding observations on the fourth report of Poland," the United Nations Human Rights Committee recommended that the authorities should amend the Criminal Code to make bias motivation an aggravating circumstance for any crime, and to thoroughly investigate, prosecute and punish perpetrators of hate crimes.
Anti-Semitic hate crime
The Personal Representative of the OSCE Chair-in-Office on Combating Anti-Semitism, in his report on a country visit to Poland, commended the authorities for developing an operational relationship with ODIHR, recommending this relationship as a best practice for all participating States.
Racist and xenophobic hate crime, Anti-LGBTI hate crime, Disability hate crime
In the framework of Universal Periodic Review (UPR), the United Nations Human Rights Committee expressed concern that Poland's criminal code did not include disability, age, sexual orientation and gender identity as bias motivations for hate crimes. The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) recommended that Poland amend its criminal code to make any racial motivation for a crime an aggravating circumstance.
In its report, the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) for Poland, recommended that the criminal code be amended to include sexual orientation, gender identity and disability among the protected characteristics listed in its hate crime provisions.