Испания

Испания регулярно предоставляет БДИПЧ данные о преступлениях на почве ненависти. Испания публикует ежегодные отчеты о преступлениях на почве ненависти. В 2019 году Испания реализовала программу БДИПЧ «Обучение сотрудников правоохранительных органов мерам борьбы с преступлениями на почве ненависти» (ОБПН), а Генеральная прокуратура создала сеть прокуроров, специализирующихся в преступлениях на почве ненависти по всей стране. В мае 2019 года Министерство внутренних дел совместно с БДИПЧ и Агентством ЕС по основным правам организовало семинар по вопросам понимания и усовершенствования регистрации преступлений на почве ненависти и сбора данных. В марте 2021 года БДИПЧ провело диагностический семинар по оценке и совершенствованию национальных структур поддержки жертв преступлений на почве ненависти. По итогам обоих семинаров были подготовлены рекомендации для соответствующих государственных органов.

Министерство внутренних дел разработало особый протокол для правоохранительных органов, который регулирует порядок рассмотрения дел о преступлениях на почве ненависти и устанавливает отдельные права жертв преступлений на почве ненависти. В рамках министерства Национальное управление по борьбе с преступлениями на почве ненависти (ONDOD) отвечает за реализацию Плана действий по борьбе с преступлениями на почве ненависти (принят на 2019-2021 и 2022-2024 годы). В настоящее время План действий охватывает такие области, как оказание поддержки жертвам, координация действий государственных органов, гражданского общества и частного сектора, профилактика преступлений на почве ненависти, специализация полиции, обучение, повышение осведомленности и выделение надлежащих людских ресурсов в ONDOD. В период с 18 декабря 2020 года по 31 марта 2021 года было проведено виктимологическое исследование преступлений на почве ненависти.

SELECT YEAR

OFFICIAL DATA

Year	Hate crimes recorded by police	Prosecuted	Sentenced
2022	1,869	191	152
2021	1,802	192	91
2020	1401	675	144
2019	1706	Not available	Not available
2018	1598	Not available	Not available
2017	1419	Not available	Not available
2016	1272	Not available	Not available
2015	1328	Not available	Not available
2014	1285	Not available	Not available
2013	1168	Not available	Not available
2012	261	Not available	Not available
2011	224	Not available	Not available
2010	92	Not available	Not available
2009	93	Not available	Not available

About 2022 Data

Hate crime recorded by police

The breakdown below does not include 245 offences motivated by ideology.

By bias motivation
By type of crime

Download official data

National developments

On 14 July 2022, the Integral Law 15/2022 for Equal Treatment and Non-Discrimination came into force, consolidating the anti-discrimination regulations in the country. It was accompanied by the Organic Law 6/2022 of 12 July 2022, which amended some provisions of the Penal Code, and introduced Roma to the list of protected characteristics.

In September 2022, an inter-agency agreement on co-operation to address racism, xenophobia, bias against the LGBTI community and other forms of intolerance was renewed for four years. The document co-ordinates co-operation between relevant ministries and public institutions working on hate crimes.

As part of the implementation of the second Action Plan to combat hate crimes (2022-2024), developed in 2021 by the Ministry of the Interior, the Civil Guard established specialized units responsible for handling and investigating hate crimes. Violent Extremism and Hate Teams (EVO) tasked with investigating hate crimes were also created at the national and regional levels by the National Police. The Civil Guard took part in the EUROPOL "Joint Action Day 2022 Hate Crime", conducted in several countries, resulting in the arrest of four people and one person charged for suspected hate crimes.

In 2022, hate crime courses for the National Police and Civil Guard officers continued. The Central Private Security Unit of the National Police conducted two specialized courses for security guards on the concept of bias indicators. Civil Guard officers participated in online training courses on related issues as part of their continuous training.

Additionally, the General State Prosecutor's Office introduced a specific module on hate crimes in the initial training programme for prosecutors. Several other courses on hate crimes have been offered to non-specialist prosecutors to raise their awareness of the issue.

Training courses on recently introduced legal provisions were held for victim support professionals working at the Offices of Assistance to Victims of Crime and the Office of Information and Assistance to Victims of Terrorism of the National Court.

KEY OBSERVATION

ODIHR recognizes Spain's efforts to expand the list of protected characteristics in the national law and efforts to co-ordinate the work of government agencies to address hate crime. However, based on the available information, it observes that Spain would benefit from strengthening collaboration with and facilitating the efforts of civil society working to address hate crime and support hate crime victims.

ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decisions 9/09 and 13/06, OSCE participating States committed to taking a proactive and inclusive approach to civil society. ODIHR stands ready to support Spain in meeting its relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and assistance.

Our methodology