Преступления на почве ненависти к рома

Государства-участники ОБСЕ признали опасность этнической ненависти в отношении рома и синти еще в 1990 году. Антиромская риторика, в том числе риторика о "цыганской преступности", может усугубляться средствами массовой информации и политическими деятелями. Расширение ЕС с одновременной маргинализацией рома побудило многих людей и семьи к миграции для поиска лучших условий и возможностей в других местах, часто сталкиваясь с негативным приемом в странах или регионах прибытия. В ежегодных отчетах БДИПЧ о преступлениях на почве ненависти содержится ряд преступлений на почве ненависти против рома. В этих отчетах фигурируют нападения, нанесение материального ущерба и убийства, в том числе с применением взрывчатых веществ, огнестрельного оружия или коктейлей Молотова. Среди инцидентов, о которых было сообщено БДИПЧ, вызывающих особую обеспокоенность, были поджоги домов рома или групповые нападения с применением насилия на целые общины или поселения.

Относительно недавно решения Совета министров в Маастрихте (2003 г.), Афинах (2009 г.) и Киеве (2013 г.), а также Астанинская декларация (2010 г.) еще раз подтвердили необходимость борьбы с насилием в отношении рома и синти и призвали участвующие государства активизировать свои усилия в этом направлении.
Ряд факторов позволяет предположить, что представленные данные отражают лишь фрагмент общей картины преступлений, совершаемых на почве ненависти против рома и синти. несмотря на то, что некоторые государства-участники регистрируют преступления на почве ненависти против рома, такие преступления в национальной статистике не всегда разбиваются по конкретному признаку, а вместо этого все они включаются в раздел преступлений на почве расизма и ксенофобии. Кроме того, чрезмерное применение силы или жестокое обращение с рома, например, в ходе выселения или задержание и обыска полицией, также может способствовать недоверию к властям. В сочетании с отсутствием у рома средств и знаний, необходимых для отслеживания и сообщения о преступлениях на почве ненависти, это приводит к тому, что реальное число таких преступлений в отчетах значительно занижается.

ODIHR TANDIS

Overview of incidents reported by other sources

Violent attacks against people Threats/Harassment Attacks against property Итого
48 18 18 84

Дата Страна ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА Источник Описание
2020 Bulgaria Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020 Spain Attacks against property Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) Show info
2020 Greece Threats/Harassment Racist Violence Recording Network (RVRN) Show info
2020-01 Serbia Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-01 North Macedonia Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-01 Poland Threats/Harassment "Never Again" Association Show info
2020-01 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-01 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-01 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-01 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-01 Italy Attacks against property Lunaria Show info
2020-02 Albania Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-02 Italy Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-02 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people Helsinki Committee for Human Rights Skopje, OSCE Mission to Skopje Show info
2020-02 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-02 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-02 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-03 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-03 Spain Attacks against property Muslim Human Rights Association, Union of Islamic Communities of Spain Show info
2020-03 Ukraine Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-04 Ukraine Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-04 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-04 Ukraine Threats/Harassment OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine Show info
2020-04 Romania Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-04 Romania Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-04 Slovakia Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-04 Germany Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-04 Ukraine Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights, OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine Show info
2020-05 Serbia Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-05 Serbia Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-05 Italy Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-05 Spain Violent attacks against people Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) Show info
2020-05 Moldova Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-05 Ukraine Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-05 Serbia Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-05 Germany Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-05 Serbia Threats/Harassment OSCE Mission to Serbia Show info
2020-05 Bulgaria Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-05 Bulgaria Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-05 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-05 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-05 Spain Violent attacks against people Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) Show info
2020-05 France Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-06 Hungary Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-06 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-06 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-06 Bulgaria Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-06 Serbia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-06 Germany Threats/Harassment MANEO Show info
2020-06 Serbia Violent attacks against people OSCE Mission to Serbia Show info
2020-06 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-06 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-06 Spain Violent attacks against people Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) Show info
2020-06 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-06 Greece Violent attacks against people Racist Violence Recording Network (RVRN) Show info
2020-07 Ukraine Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-07 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-07 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-07 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-07 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-08 Bulgaria Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-08 Croatia Violent attacks against people Croatian civil society coalition Show info
2020-08 Serbia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-08 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-08 Italy Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-08 Ukraine Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights, OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine Show info
2020-09 Serbia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-09 Romania Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-09 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-09 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), Helsinki Committee for Human Rights Skopje, OSCE Mission to Skopje, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-09 Spain Violent attacks against people Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) Show info
2020-09 Italy Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-10 Italy Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-10 Serbia Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 Serbia Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2020-10 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), Helsinki Committee for Human Rights Skopje, OSCE Mission to Skopje Show info
2020-10 Italy Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-10 Spain Attacks against property Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) Show info
2020-10 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2020-11 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-12 Serbia Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2020-12 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info

International Reports

Венгрия

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-ninth session: Compilation on Hungary."

Германия

The United Nations Human Rights Committee (HRC) published relevant recommendations in its "Concluding observations on the seventh periodic report of Germany".

Греция

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-ninth session: Compilation on Greece."

Чешская Республика

The United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) published relevant recommendations in its "Concluding observations on the combined fifth and sixth periodic reports of Czechia".

Швейцария

The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) published relevant recommendations in its "Concluding observations on the combined tenth to twelfth reports of Switzerland" [in French].