Преступления на почве ненависти к рома

Государства-участники ОБСЕ признали опасность этнической ненависти в отношении рома и синти еще в 1990 году. Антиромская риторика, в том числе риторика о "цыганской преступности", может усугубляться средствами массовой информации и политическими деятелями. Расширение ЕС с одновременной маргинализацией рома побудило многих людей и семьи к миграции для поиска лучших условий и возможностей в других местах, часто сталкиваясь с негативным приемом в странах или регионах прибытия. В ежегодных отчетах БДИПЧ о преступлениях на почве ненависти содержится ряд преступлений на почве ненависти против рома. В этих отчетах фигурируют нападения, нанесение материального ущерба и убийства, в том числе с применением взрывчатых веществ, огнестрельного оружия или коктейлей Молотова. Среди инцидентов, о которых было сообщено БДИПЧ, вызывающих особую обеспокоенность, были поджоги домов рома или групповые нападения с применением насилия на целые общины или поселения.

Относительно недавно решения Совета министров в Маастрихте (2003 г.), Афинах (2009 г.) и Киеве (2013 г.), а также Астанинская декларация (2010 г.) еще раз подтвердили необходимость борьбы с насилием в отношении рома и синти и призвали участвующие государства активизировать свои усилия в этом направлении.
Ряд факторов позволяет предположить, что представленные данные отражают лишь фрагмент общей картины преступлений, совершаемых на почве ненависти против рома и синти. несмотря на то, что некоторые государства-участники регистрируют преступления на почве ненависти против рома, такие преступления в национальной статистике не всегда разбиваются по конкретному признаку, а вместо этого все они включаются в раздел преступлений на почве расизма и ксенофобии. Кроме того, чрезмерное применение силы или жестокое обращение с рома, например, в ходе выселения или задержание и обыска полицией, также может способствовать недоверию к властям. В сочетании с отсутствием у рома средств и знаний, необходимых для отслеживания и сообщения о преступлениях на почве ненависти, это приводит к тому, что реальное число таких преступлений в отчетах значительно занижается.

ODIHR TANDIS

Overview of incidents reported by other sources

Violent attacks against people Threats/Harassment Attacks against property Итого
41 34 21 96

Дата Страна ВИД ИНЦИДЕНТА Источник Описание
2019 Italy Violent attacks against people Association 21 July Show info
2019 Hungary Attacks against property Working Group Against Hate Crimes Show info
2019 Bulgaria Attacks against property Bulgarian Hate Crime Recording Coalition Show info
2019 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people In IUSTITIA Show info
2019 Bulgaria Threats/Harassment AZAD LGBT Organization Show info
2019-01 Bulgaria Threats/Harassment OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-01 Italy Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), Lunaria, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-01 Bulgaria Threats/Harassment Bulgarian Hate Crime Recording Coalition Show info
2019-01 Bulgaria Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-01 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-02 Ireland Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-02 Italy Violent attacks against people Association 21 July, European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), Lunaria, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-02 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-02 Ireland Threats/Harassment European Network Against Racism - Ireland Show info
2019-02 Italy Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-03 Croatia Violent attacks against people Croatian civil society coalition Show info
2019-03 Bosnia and Herzegovina Attacks against property OSCE Mission to Bosnia And Herzegovina, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-03 Poland Attacks against property "Never Again" Association Show info
2019-03 North Macedonia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-03 Romania Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-03 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-03 Belarus Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-03 France Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-03 France Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-03 Germany Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-03 Hungary Threats/Harassment Working Group Against Hate Crimes Show info
2019-03 Hungary Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-04 Bulgaria Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-04 Bulgaria Threats/Harassment OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-04 Germany Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-04 Italy Threats/Harassment OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-04 Italy Threats/Harassment Association 21 July Show info
2019-04 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-04 Italy Threats/Harassment Association 21 July Show info
2019-04 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-04 Belarus Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-04 Bulgaria Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-04 Italy Threats/Harassment Association 21 July Show info
2019-04 Italy Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-04 Italy Violent attacks against people Lunaria Show info
2019-04 Romania Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-04 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-04 Germany Threats/Harassment OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-05 Belarus Violent attacks against people Amnesty International USA (Eurasia Coordination Group) Show info
2019-05 Greece Attacks against property Greek Helsinki Monitor Show info
2019-05 Italy Threats/Harassment Association 21 July, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-05 Serbia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Mission to Serbia, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-05 Italy Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-05 Ireland Threats/Harassment European Network Against Racism - Ireland Show info
2019-05 Belarus Violent attacks against people Anti-Discrimination Centre "Memorial" Show info
2019-05 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-05 Italy Violent attacks against people Association 21 July Show info
2019-05 Hungary Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-05 Ireland Attacks against property European Network Against Racism - Ireland Show info
2019-05 Croatia Attacks against property Croatian civil society coalition Show info
2019-06 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Anti-Discrimination Centre "Memorial", OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights, SOVA Center Show info
2019-06 Serbia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-07 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-07 Hungary Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-07 Italy Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-07 Slovakia Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-07 Croatia Violent attacks against people Croatian civil society coalition Show info
2019-08 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-08 Italy Attacks against property European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-08 Bosnia and Herzegovina Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-08 Bosnia and Herzegovina Violent attacks against people OSCE Mission to Bosnia And Herzegovina, OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-08 Ireland Threats/Harassment European Network Against Racism - Ireland Show info
2019-08 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-09 Bosnia and Herzegovina Attacks against property OSCE Mission to Bosnia And Herzegovina Show info
2019-09 Moldova Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-09 Italy Violent attacks against people Lunaria Show info
2019-09 Serbia Threats/Harassment OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-09 Italy Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC), Lunaria Show info
2019-09 Italy Threats/Harassment Association 21 July Show info
2019-09 Ukraine Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-09 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-10 Poland Violent attacks against people Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2019-10 Austria Violent attacks against people ZARA Show info
2019-10 Italy Attacks against property Association 21 July Show info
2019-10 Hungary Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-10 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2019-10 Ireland Threats/Harassment European Network Against Racism - Ireland Show info
2019-10 Ukraine Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-10 Serbia Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-10 Hungary Violent attacks against people Hungarian Helsinki Committee Show info
2019-10 Italy Violent attacks against people European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info
2019-11 Sweden Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-11 United Kingdom Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-11 United Kingdom Attacks against property OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2019-11 Ireland Violent attacks against people European Network Against Racism - Ireland Show info
2019-12 Poland Threats/Harassment Open Dialog Foundation Show info
2019-12 Ireland Threats/Harassment European Network Against Racism - Ireland Show info
2019-12 Slovakia Threats/Harassment European Roma Rights Center (ERRC) Show info

International Reports

Албания

The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) published relevant recommendations in its "Sixth report on Albania."

Бельгия

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) published relevant recommendations in its 2019 Roma and Travellers Survey findings, "Roma and Travellers in six countries."

Болгария

The Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe published relevant recommendations in her "Report following a visit to Bulgaria.

Ирландия

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) published relevant recommendations in its 2019 Roma and Travellers Survey findings, "Roma and Travellers in six countries."

Испания

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-fifth session: Compilation on Spain."

Нидерланды

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) published relevant recommendations in its 2019 Roma and Travellers Survey findings, "Roma and Travellers in six countries."

Соединенное Королевство

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) published relevant recommendations in its 2019 Roma and Travellers Survey findings, "Roma and Travellers in six countries."

Франция

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) published relevant recommendations in its 2019 Roma and Travellers Survey findings, "Roma and Travellers in six countries."

Хорватия

The Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers published relevant recommendations in its "Decision adopted at the 1377th meeting, on execution of the Court's judgments."

Швеция

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) published relevant recommendations in its 2019 Roma and Travellers Survey findings, "Roma and Travellers in six countries."