A non-binding instruction for police and prosecutors on hate crime investigations was issued by the Ministry of Justice.
This category includes hate crime motivated by bias on the grounds of race and origin. It also includes anti-religious hate crime.
Disability hate crime is monitored under "other" hate crime category, along with hate crime targeting "other social groups".
In its report, the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of Estonia recommended the strengthening of hate crime provisions to make sure that bias motivation is considered an aggravating factor in any crime.
In its report, the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of Estonia recommended that sexual orientation and gender identity be treated as aggravating circumstances in crimes.
ODIHR observes that Estonia has not reported to ODIHR the numbers of prosecuted hate crime cases and information on sentenced hate crime cases.