Эстония
Эстония предоставляла БДИПЧ сведения о преступлениях на почве ненависти в 2009, 2016 и 2020 годах. Данные за 2019 год доступны здесь. В 2017 году Эстония реализовала Программу БДИПЧ «Обучение сотрудников правоохранительных органов мерам борьбы с преступлениями на почве ненависти» (ОБПН). В том же году Министерство юстиции, БДИПЧ и Агентство ЕС по основным правам совместно организовали семинар по пониманию и улучшению регистрации преступлений на почве ненависти и сбора данных. В основу семинара был положен разработанная БДИПЧ «Программа содействия надлежащемy учету преступлений на почве ненависти и борьбе с ними» (ИНФАКТ), по результатам которого был подготовлен ряд рекомендаций для соответствующих государственных органов. Эстонские власти и организации гражданского общества приняли участие в диагностическом семинаре БДИПЧ по оценке и совершенствованию национальных структур поддержки жертв преступлений на почве ненависти в феврале 2022 года.
OFFICIAL DATA
Year | Hate crimes recorded by police | Prosecuted | Sentenced |
---|---|---|---|
2022 | 13 | Not available | Not available |
2021 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2020 | 3 | Not available | Not available |
2019 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2018 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2017 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2016 | 15 | Not available | Not available |
2015 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2014 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2013 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2012 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2011 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2010 | Not available | Not available | Not available |
2009 | 2 | Not available | Not available |
Hate crime recorded by police
The police data on hate crimes are disaggregated by type of crime only.
KEY OBSERVATION
ODIHR recognizes that Estonia reported its hate crime data to ODIHR for the first time since 2016. However, based on the available information, it observes that the law enforcement agencies of Estonia have not recorded the bias motivations behind hate crimes. In addition, ODIHR observes that Estonia would benefit from reviewing its existing legal framework in order to ensure that bias motivation can be effectively acknowledged and appropriate penalties can be imposed on the perpetrators.
ODIHR recalls that in Ministerial Council Decision 9/09, OSCE participating States committed to promptly investigating hate crimes and ensure that the motives of those convicted of hate crimes are acknowledged. To that end, the law enforcement agencies must, first of all, record the bias motivation behind hate crimes. Participating States also committed to enacting specific, tailored legislation to combat hate crimes, providing for effective penalties that take into account the gravity of such crimes. ODIHR stands ready to support Estonia in meeting its relevant commitments through the provision of comprehensive resources and tailored assistance in the area of hate crime recording and data collection as well as providing further legislative guidance and advice.
INCIDENTS REPORTED BY OTHER SOURCES
INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
Racist and xenophobic hate crime, Gender-based hate crime
The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the thirty-eight session: Compilation on Estonia."